Rapid and flexible laser marking and engraving of tilted and curved surfaces

Diaci, Janez; Bračun, Drago; Gorkič, Aleš; Možina, Janez

doi:10.1016/j.optlaseng.2010.09.003

Cited by 73 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The mathematic formulation is made using the same formulation as presented in [28]. The reference measurement is made with the welding laser beam at low, modulated power [29] at known distances between the scanning head and the reference surface to ensure that the entire measuring range is calibrated. The measured profiles are then transformed into a 3D space using estimated values of the above-mentioned parameters.…”

Section: Algorithm Of In-line 3d Seam Trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote laser welding with in-line adaptive 3D seam tracking

Kos

Arko

Kosler

et al. 2019

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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Remote laser welding systems can usually focus a laser beam to diameters of 0.1 mm. Therefore, high quality clamping and precise teaching is needed in order to achieve appropriate process tolerance for a sound weld. This brings reservation in the field of small series and user-customized manufacturing, where product individualization requires flexible and adaptive systems as workpiece geometry is not exact due to manufacturing tolerances and thermal deformations during welding. The preparation for welding is therefore often time-consuming. To solve this, we have developed an innovative system, which enables in-line adaptive 3D seam tracking. The system consists of an industrial robot (Yaskawa MC2000), a scanning head (HighYag RLSK; working area 200 mm × 300 mm × 200 mm) with optical triangulation feedback and a fiber laser (IPG, YRL-400-AC; 400 W). A feed-forward loop was used to achieve positioning accuracy of under 0.05 mm during on-the-fly welding. Experimental results show that between welding speeds of 25 and 150 cm/min, average tracking deviations are 0.043 mm and 0.276 mm in y and z directions, respectively. Moreover, teaching times for a specified seam can be shortened for more than 10 times due to the fact that only rough seam teaching is required. The proposed system configuration could be adapted to other classical welding processes.

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Section: Algorithm Of In-line 3d Seam Trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote laser welding with in-line adaptive 3D seam tracking

Kos

Arko

Kosler

et al. 2019

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A 3D CAD model achievd by projection was sliced discretely in a certain direction so as to get the profile information of the layer, then Z-axis of work table was automatically changed according to the profile information of each layer. A dynamic focusing system, which enables translation of the laser beam along Z-axis was used instead of Z-axis of work table [6], the motion in the three axes (X,Y,Z) should be synchronized in order to achieve predictable 3D trajectories of the laser beam focus, however, the 3D trajectories were still achieved by projection. Using this simple projection procedure inevitably results in some geometrical distortion of laser marking, a further research was expected to examine projection algorithms, which would minimize geometrical distortion in special 3D case [6].…”

Section: Advances In Engineering Research Volume 141mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A new displacement texture mapping algorithm was developed in [1], in order for the 2D image (texture) is pre-warped to compensate against the distortions caused by the vertical projection. Such similar work has been done in [6]. Benefiting from the experience of our original research of 3D laser mold ablating system in [9], we presented a novel technique of texture mapping on 3D curved surface in [10].…”

Section: Advances In Engineering Research Volume 141mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in 5-axis CNC laser machining system

Zhou¹,

Song-ling²,

Xiao³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 2017 5th International Conference on Mechatronics, Materials, Chemistry and Computer Engineering (ICMMCCE 20

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Keyword: 5-axis CNC laser system, Texture mapping,3D texture model, High curvature surface. Abstract:We present a novel method of laser machining 3D curved surface by 5-axis CNC laser machining system pertaining to the manufacturing processes of laser marking, laser mold texturing and laser direct structuring (LDS). We begin by presenting the need of texture mapping technology which is used in 3D curved surface for laser machining, and introduce the principle of 5-axis CNC laser machining system based on 3-axis galvanometer scanning unit and 2-axis rotation table. We describe the texture mapping approach to controlled distortion rate of 3D texture math model from 2D original bitmap or vector texture applied to high gauss curvature surface. Through a case study of laser marking of a high curvature surface of a mice top case, it shows that the advances in 5-axis laser machining system meet the quality standard of various laser machining. IntroductionLaser machining (texturing, marking, direct structuring) is a relatively new multi-process technique that has been used for machining 3D curved surfaces. With laser texturing process, it makes more flexible and efficient to create decorative texture on 3D curved surfaces of injection molds so as to improve the surface quality and achieve cosmetic surface of molded plastic parts [1]. Laser making on 3D curved surfaces of products is focused on providing top value solutions and more information for automotive, customer product, gift, electronics and packaging. Laser direct structuring (LDS) on complex 3D carrier is specially used to produce circuit layout directly into the molded plastic part [2].To begin laser machining, we intend to address the lack of 3D trajectory, which is designed on 3D surface, and through which the focus of the processing laser beam is guided during the 3D machining process. The 3D trajectory is called 3D texture model, 3D marking model and 3D circuit artwork respectively with respect to laser texturing, laser marking and LDS. A planar projection is easy to create 3D trajectory on any 3D curved surface, but it appears correct only from one viewing angle. For example, it is impossible to create a pattern consisting of rectangular on angled surfaces. Figure 1a shows that a number of hexagons from a flat surface are projected on a curved freeform surface, but the projected hexagons on the surface are seriously distorted in geometrical, normal mapped hexagons with controlled distortion rate as shown in Figure 1b are expected in the field of 3D laser machining. Figure. 1. 3D hexagon texture achieved by projection and mapping

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“…Therefore, the relative position of the sensor with respect to the laser head must be calibrated and taken into account. A more flexible solution is described in [24], where the laser beam, which is guided with a scanning head, is first used for the laser-stripe projection during a 3D measurement and then for the marking. But the system lacks flexibility since it does not include a robot manipulator that allows the processing of geometrically highly complex workpieces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic teaching of a robotic remote laser 3D processing system based on an integrated laser-triangulation profilometry

et al. 2017

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Original scientific paper One of the key challenges in robotic remote laser 3D processing (RL3DP) is to achieve high accuracy for the laser's working trajectory relative to the features of the workpiece. This paper presents a novel RL3DP system with an automatic 3D teaching functionality for a precise and rapid determination of the working trajectory which comprises a robot manipulator, 3D scanning head, fibre laser and an off-axis positioned camera. The 3D measurement is based on laser triangulation with laser-stripe illumination using the laser's pilot beam and scanning head. The experimental results show that the system has a precision better than 70 µm and 120 µm along lateral and vertical direction respectively inside the measuring range of 100 × 100 mm. The teaching time is 30-times shorter compared to a visual teaching procedure. Therefore, such a system can lead to large cost reductions for modern production lines that have constant changes to the products' geometries and functionalities. Keywords: edge detection; laser triangulation; remote laser processing; robot teaching; three-dimensional measurement Automatsko učenje robotskih laserskih daljinskih 3D obradnih sustava na osnovu laserske triangulacijeIzvorni znanstveni članak Jedan od bitnih izazova u daljinskoj laserskoj 3D obradi (RL3DP) je postizanje visoke točnosti jer laser radi po rubovima predmeta koji obrađuje. Ovaj rad prikazuje novi RL3DP sustav s automatskom 3D nastavnom funkcionalnošću radi točnog i brzog određivanja prijenosa detektiranih rubova koje obrađuje robot sa 3D skenerom, fiber laserom i izvan aksijalno pozicioniranom kamerom. 3D skeniranje se bazira na laserskoj triangulaciji sa pilotskom laserskom trakom. Eksperimentalni rezultati pokazuju da sustav ima preciznost bolju od 70 µm i 120 µm u bočnom i vertikalnom smjeru u mjernom području od 100 × 100 mm. Vrijeme učenja je 30-puta kraće u odnosu na vizualni postupak. Stoga, takav sustav može značajno smanjiti troškove obrade sa modernim proizvodnim sistemima koji se moraju prilagođavati stalnim promjenama geometrije i funkcionalnosti proizvoda.

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Rapid and flexible laser marking and engraving of tilted and curved surfaces

Cited by 73 publications

References 8 publications

Remote laser welding with in-line adaptive 3D seam tracking

Remote laser welding with in-line adaptive 3D seam tracking

Advances in 5-axis CNC laser machining system

Automatic teaching of a robotic remote laser 3D processing system based on an integrated laser-triangulation profilometry

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