Rapid and high-precision measurement of sulfur isotope and sulfur concentration in sediment pore water by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

MC ICP-MS δ 34SVCDT measurement of dissolved sulfate in environmental aqueous samples after matrix separation by means of an anion exchange membrane

“…When introducing only 5 to 40 nmol sulfur into the instrument, the authors reported a reproducibility (2 SD) below 0.15‰ for natural marine samples. Applying a matrix-matched standard, Bian et al estimated 0.13‰ “external precision” (within-lab reproducibility, 2 SD) in their in-house sulfur standard [13]; Lin et al from the same working group reached even 0.07‰ (2 SD) [7]. A long-term reproducibility (2 SD) of less than 0.45‰ was estimated for laser ablation MC ICP-MS [14, 15].…”

An evaluation on the extraction capability of anion exchange membranes for high-precision sulfur isotope measurement by multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

“…where d 34 S std is the d 34 S value for the working standard on the scale of VCDT, which was determined by many pre-works (À6.67 AE 0.22& VCDT (2SD) by GS-IRMS; À6.78 AE 0.07& VCDT (2SD) by MC-ICP-MS) and showed a long-term stability and precision. [5][6][7] All raw mass spectrometry data were disposed of by Iolite soware. 31 The code le of the Data Reduction Scheme for sulfur isotope analysis was written by the authors.…”

“…[50][51][52] Besides, the d 34 S values of the remaining sulfate tend to the maximum since the pore water sulfate becomes more enriched in 34 S as its concentration decreases with depth. 53,54 Considering that pore water samples have almost the same matrix ions (principally sodium) as seawater while the sulfate concentrations vary with depth, Bian et al 6 proposed a convenient method to determine d 34 S values of sulfate in pore water by combining matrix-matching with concentration-matching by MC-ICP-MS. This method requires a 100times dilution of pore water samples beforehand.…”

“…In recent years, multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) has become increasingly popular in rapid and precise measurements of sulfur isotopic compositions in various sulfur-bearing materials, such as sulfate and sulde minerals, [1][2][3] seawater and marine pore water sulfate, [4][5][6][7] and rainwater and soil solution, 8 even including medical serum and plasma. 9 Comparing with the traditional technique of gas-source isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GS-IRMS), [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] MC-ICP-MS requires a lower quantity sulfur injection (5-40 nmol sulfur 4 ) and is free from oxygen isotope correction for the produced sulfur dioxide gas (up to 1-3& shi in d 34 S values 17 ).…”

“…The former two can be overcome effectively by the method of standard-sample bracketing (SSB) and media-to-high mass resolution (m/Dm > 2700) detection, while the matrix effects can only be solved by chemical purication or matrix-matched treatment before isotope measurements. 2,3,[5][6][7][8] Considering that the natural sample is a complex mixture, it appears difficult and cumbersome to prepare a full-matched standard for every sample that contains various matrix elements. Therefore, pre-purication may be an efficient and reasonable approach to obtain accurate and precise sulfur isotope ratios in natural samples.…”