Rapid and highly sensitive measurement of trimethylamine in seawater using dynamic purge-release and dopant-assisted atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry

Wu, Chenyang; Wen, Yuxuan; Lee, Hua; Jiang, Jichun; Xie, Yuanyuan; Cao, Y.; Chai, Shuo; Hou, Keyong; Li, Haiyang

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2020.08.060

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Amines have many primary land-based sources (e.g., bio- genic emissions, Kieloaho et al, 2013;agricultural activity, Ge et al, 2011; emissions from decomposing organic matter, Ge et al, 2011, Sintermann andNeftel, 2015;biomass burning, Ge et al, 2011; emissions from port activity, Gaston et al, 2013;chemical products, Khare and Gentner, 2018;vehicle exhaust, Sodeman et al, 2005), but their presence on the coast could also indicate marine contributions. Amines have been detected in bulk ocean water, the surface microlayer, and sea spray aerosol, and their emissions and chemical transformations in the marine environment have been the topic of many recent studies (e.g., Brean et al, 2021;Dall'Osto et al, 2019;Decesari et al, 2020;Di Lorenzo et al, 2018;van Pinxteren et al, 2012van Pinxteren et al, , 2019Quinn et al, 2015;Wu et al, 2020). In the summer, biogenic and marine sources likely dominated the amine distribution, while in the winter, anthropogenic amine sources likely became more important.…”

Section: Chn Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of reduced and oxidized nitrogen-containing organic compounds at a coastal site in summer and winter

2022

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Abstract. Nitrogen-containing organic compounds, which may be directly emitted into the atmosphere or which may form via reactions with prevalent reactive nitrogen species (e.g., NH3, NOx, NO3), have important but uncertain effects on climate and human health. Using gas and liquid chromatography with soft ionization and high-resolution mass spectrometry, we performed a molecular-level speciation of functionalized organic compounds at a coastal site on the Long Island Sound in summer (during the 2018 Long Island Sound Tropospheric Ozone Study – LISTOS – campaign) and winter. This region often experiences poor air quality due to the emissions of reactive anthropogenic, biogenic, and marine-derived compounds and their chemical transformation products. We observed a range of functionalized compounds containing oxygen, nitrogen, and/or sulfur atoms resulting from these direct emissions and chemical transformations, including photochemical and aqueous-phase processing that was more pronounced in summer and winter, respectively. In both summer and winter, nitrogen-containing organic aerosols dominated the observed distribution of functionalized particle-phase species ionized by our analytical techniques, with 85 % and 68 % of total measured ion abundance containing a nitrogen atom, respectively. Nitrogen-containing particles included reduced nitrogen functional groups (e.g., amines, imines, azoles) and common NOz contributors (e.g., organonitrates). Reduced nitrogen functional groups observed in the particle phase were frequently paired with oxygen-containing groups elsewhere on the molecule, and their prevalence often rivaled that of oxidized nitrogen groups detected by our methods. Supplemental gas-phase measurements, collected on adsorptive samplers and analyzed with a novel liquid chromatography-based method, suggest that gas-phase reduced nitrogen compounds are possible contributing precursors to the observed nitrogen-containing particles. Altogether, this work highlights the prevalence of reduced nitrogen-containing compounds in the less-studied northeastern US and potentially in other regions with similar anthropogenic, biogenic, and marine source signatures.

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Section: Chn Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of reduced and oxidized nitrogen-containing organic compounds at a coastal site in summer and winter

2022

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“…Amines have been detected both in bulk ocean water, the surface microlayer, and in sea spray aerosol, and their emissions and chemical transformations in the marine environment have been the topic of many recent studies (e.g. Brean et al, 2021;Dall'Osto et al, 2019;Decesari et al, 2020;Di Lorenzo et al, 2018;van Pinxteren et al, 2012van Pinxteren et al, , 2019Quinn et al, 2015;Wu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Chn Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Analysis of Reduced and Oxidized Nitrogen-Containing Organic Compounds at a Coastal Site

Ditto

Machesky

Gentner

2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Nitrogen-containing organic compounds, which may be directly emitted to the atmosphere or may form via reactions with prevalent reactive nitrogen species (e.g. NH3, NOx, NO3), have important but uncertain effects on climate and human health. Using gas and liquid chromatography with soft ionization and high-resolution mass spectrometry, we performed a molecular-level speciation of functionalized organic compounds at a coastal site on the Long Island Sound in summer (during the LISTOS 2018 campaign) and winter. This region often experiences poor air quality due to the emissions of reactive anthropogenic, biogenic, and marine-derived compounds and their chemical transformation products. Indeed, we observed a range of functionalized compounds containing oxygen, nitrogen, and/or sulfur atoms resulting from a mix of direct emissions and chemical transformations, including photochemical processing in summer and aqueous-phase processing in winter. In both summer and winter, nitrogen-containing organic aerosols dominated the observed distribution of functionalized particle-phase species ionized by our analytical techniques, with 85 % and 68 % of measured compound abundance containing a nitrogen atom, respectively. Nitrogen-containing particles included reduced nitrogen functional groups (e.g. amines, imines, azoles) and common NOz contributors (e.g. organonitrates). The prevalence of reduced nitrogen functional groups observed in the particle-phase, while frequently paired with oxygen-containing groups elsewhere on the molecule, often rivaled that of oxidized nitrogen groups detected by our methods. Supplemental gas-phase measurements, collected on adsorptive samplers and analyzed with a novel liquid chromatography-based method, suggest that gas-phase reduced nitrogen compounds are possible contributing precursors to the observed nitrogen-containing particles. Altogether, this work highlights the prevalence of reduced nitrogen-containing compounds in the less-studied Northeastern U.S., and potentially in other regions with similar anthropogenic, biogenic, and marine source signatures.

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“…A soft ionization technique is characterized by its high molecular ion [M] + or quasimolecular ion [M + H] + yield and low degree of fragmentation, which makes it easier for mass spectral interpretation of analytes especially in the complicated matrix. In recent years, a number of DIMS methods with different soft ionization sources, e.g., electrospray ionization (ESI), proton transfer reaction (PTR), single photon ionization (SPI), and highpressure photoionization (HPPI), have been developed for rapid analysis of trace targeted components among complicated matrices, such as breath gas, 22,23 urines, 24 seawater samples, 25 foods and beverages, 26,27 and so on, 28,29 while avoiding the inherent shortcomings in chromatographic separation and sample pretreatment methods. DIMS coupled with an ESI source has been developed and successfully applied for analysis of EC in sugarcane spirit and foods with an analysis time of only 2 min.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Determination of Ethyl Carbamate in Chinese Liquor via a Direct Injection Mass Spectrometry with Time-Resolved Flash-Thermal-Vaporization and Acetone-Assisted High-Pressure Photoionization Strategy

Cao

Yang²,

Xie

et al. 2023

Anal. Chem.

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Ethyl carbamate (EC), a carcinogenic compound, is naturally produced in fermented foods and alcoholic beverages. Rapid and accurate measurement of EC is necessary and important for quality control and safety evaluation of Chinese liquor, a traditionally distilled spirit with the highest consumption in China, but it remains a great challenge. In this work, a direct injection mass spectrometry (DIMS) with time-resolved flash-thermal-vaporization (TRFTV) and acetone-assisted high-pressure photoionization (HPPI) strategy has been developed. EC was rapidly separated from the main matrix components, ethyl acetate (EA) and ethanol, by the TRFTV sampling strategy due to the retention time difference of these three compounds with large boiling point differences on the inner wall of a poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) tube. Therefore, the matrix effect of EA and ethanol was effectively eliminated. The acetone-assisted HPPI source was developed for efficient ionization of EC through a photoionization-induced proton transfer reaction between EC molecules and protonated acetone ions. The accurate quantitative analysis of EC in liquor was achieved by introducing an internal standard method (ISM) using deuterated EC (d 5-EC). As a result, the limit of detection (LOD) for EC was 8.88 μg/L with the analysis time of only 2 min, and the recoveries ranged from 92.3 to 113.1%. Finally, the prominent capability of the developed system was demonstrated by rapid determination of trace EC in Chinese liquors with different flavor types, exhibiting wide potential applications in online quality control and safety evaluation of not only Chinese liquors but also other liquor and alcoholic beverages.

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Rapid and highly sensitive measurement of trimethylamine in seawater using dynamic purge-release and dopant-assisted atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry

Cited by 19 publications

References 44 publications

Analysis of reduced and oxidized nitrogen-containing organic compounds at a coastal site in summer and winter

Analysis of reduced and oxidized nitrogen-containing organic compounds at a coastal site in summer and winter

Seasonal Analysis of Reduced and Oxidized Nitrogen-Containing Organic Compounds at a Coastal Site

Rapid Determination of Ethyl Carbamate in Chinese Liquor via a Direct Injection Mass Spectrometry with Time-Resolved Flash-Thermal-Vaporization and Acetone-Assisted High-Pressure Photoionization Strategy

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