Rapid anterograde and retrograde tracing from mesenteric nerve trunks to the guinea-pig small intestine in vitro

Tassicker, B. C.; Hennig, Grant W.; Costa, Marcello; Brookes, Simon J.

doi:10.1007/s004410051250

Cited by 77 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…22 A specialized combination of dye filling and recording techniques made it possible to identify the morphology of the sensory endings that belonged to these mechanoreceptors. 23,24 Identification was achieved by making extracellular recordings, in vitro, from vagal nerve trunks within 1-2 mm of the specimen of gut. Mechanosensitive sites on the preparation were marked by fine carbon particles applied on the tips of von Frey hairs used for focal stimulation.…”

Section: Vagal Intraganglionic Laminar Mechanoreceptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the end of the recording, biotinamide was applied in solution to the recorded nerve for a period of 4-20 h, during which it was taken up and transported to the axon terminals in the tissue. 23 After fixation, biotinamide was revealed by streptavidinconjugated fluorophores. By comparing dye-filled nerve endings with carbon marks on the tissue, the sensory endings of low-threshold vagal mechanoreceptors were shown to correspond to intraganglionic laminar endings (IGLEs) located in myenteric ganglia.…”

Section: Vagal Intraganglionic Laminar Mechanoreceptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extrinsic primary afferent signalling in the gut

Brookes

Spencer

Costa

et al. 2013

Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol

246

216

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Visceral sensory neurons activate reflex pathways that control gut function and also give rise to important sensations, such as fullness, bloating, nausea, discomfort, urgency and pain. Sensory neurons are organised into three distinct anatomical pathways to the central nervous system (vagal, thoracolumbar and lumbosacral). Although remarkable progress has been made in characterizing the roles of many ion channels, receptors, and second messengers in visceral sensory neurons, the basic aim of understanding how many classes there are, and how they differ, has proven difficult to achieve. We suggest that there are just five structurally distinct types of sensory endings in the gut wall that account for essentially all of the primary afferent neurons in the three pathways. Each of these five major structural types of endings seems to show distinctive combinations of physiological responses. These types are: 'intraganglionic laminar' endings in myenteric ganglia; 'mucosal' endings located in the subepithelial layer; 'muscular mucosal' afferents, with mechanosensitive endings close to the muscularis mucosae; 'intramuscular' endings, with endings within the smooth muscle layers; and 'vascular' afferents, with sensitive endings primarily on blood vessels. 'Silent' afferents might be a subset of inexcitable 'vascular' afferents, which can be switched on by inflammatory mediators.Extrinsic sensory neurons comprise an attractive focus for targeted therapeutic intervention in a range of gastrointestinal disorders.2

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Section: Vagal Intraganglionic Laminar Mechanoreceptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vagal Intraganglionic Laminar Mechanoreceptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extrinsic primary afferent signalling in the gut

Brookes

Spencer

Costa

et al. 2013

Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol

246

216

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…To morphologically identify the mechanoreceptors of rectal afferents in the mouse rectum, we utilized the anterograde labeling technique first described by Tassicker et al (1999). To identify mechanosensitive hot spots of rectal afferent ending, local mechanical distortion of the serosal surface was made using fine calibrated von Frey hairs ( Fig.…”

Section: Identification Of Mechanosensitive Hot Spotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We employed the anterograde labeling technique developed by Tassicker et al (1999) to identify the capsaicin-sensitive mechanoreceptors that ramified in both wild type and aganglionic rectal preparations. In wild type mice, a significant relationship was identified between carbon marked mechanosensitive hot spots and their underlying labeled nerve endings (see Zagorodnyuk and Brookes, 2000).…”

Section: Identification Of Capsaicin-sensitive Mechanoreceptors In Wimentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of capsaicin-sensitive rectal mechanoreceptors activated by rectal distension in mice

et al. 2008

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Rodents detect visceral pain in response to noxious levels of rectal distension. However, the mechanoreceptors that innervate the rectum and respond to noxious levels of rectal distension have not been identified. Here, we have identified the mechanoreceptors of capsaicin-sensitive rectal afferents and characterized their properties in response to circumferential stretch of the rectal wall. We have also used the lethal spotted (ls/ls) mouse to determine whether rectal mechanoreceptors that respond to capsaicin and stretch may also develop in an aganglionic rectum that is congenitally devoid of enteric ganglia. In wild type (C57BL/6) mice, graded increases in circumferential stretch applied to isolated rectal segments activated a graded increase in firing of slowly-adapting rectal mechanoreceptors. Identical stimuli applied to the aganglionic rectum of ls/ls mice also activated similar graded increases in firing of stretch-sensitive rectal afferents. In both wild type and aganglionic rectal preparations, focal compression of the serosal surface using von Frey hairs identified mechanosensitive "hot spots," that were associated with brief bursts of action potentials. Spritzing capsaicin (10 microM) selectively onto each identified mechanosensitive hot spot activated an all or none discharge of action potentials in 32 of 56 identified hot spots in wild type mice and 24 of 62 mechanosensitive hot spots in the aganglionic rectum of ls/ls mice. Each single unit activated by both capsaicin and circumferential stretch responded to low mechanical thresholds (1-2 g stretch). No high threshold rectal afferents were ever recorded in response to circumferential stretch. Anterograde labeling from recorded rectal afferents revealed two populations of capsaicin-sensitive mechanoreceptor that responded to stretch: one population terminated within myenteric ganglia, the other within the circular and longitudinal smooth muscle layers. In the aganglionic rectum of ls/ls mice, only the i.m. mechanoreceptors were identified. Both myenteric and i.m. mechanoreceptors could be identified by their immunoreactivity to the anti-TRPV1 antibody and the vesicular glutamate transporter, Vglut2. Myenteric mechanoreceptors had a unique morphology, consisting of smooth bulbous nodules that ramified within myenteric ganglia. In summary, the rectum of wild type mice is innervated by at least two populations of capsaicin-sensitive rectal mechanoreceptor, both of which respond to low mechanical thresholds within the innocuous range. These findings suggest that the visceral pain pathway activated by rectal distension is likely to involve low threshold rectal mechanoreceptors that are activated within the normal physiological range.

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“…In the small intestine, 5-HT neurons appear to be targeted by sympathetic nerves since they are preferentially surrounded by baskets of tyrosine hydroxylase terminals, 46 suggesting that norepinephrine (NE) could potentially reduce activity in these particular neurons. Sympathetic nerve stimulation inhibits both spontaneous and evoked CMMCs in the isolated murine and guinea-pig colon.…”

Section: Myenteric Serotonergic Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%