Rapid antibody testing for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine response in pediatric healthcare workers

Heyming, Theodore; Nugent, Diane J.; Tongol, Aprille; Knudsen-Robbins, Chloe; Hoang, Janet; Schomberg, John; Bacon, Kellie; Lara, Bryan; Sanger, Terence D.

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2021.09.065

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…At first, they were carried out to estimate the prevalence among HCP [59][60][61][62]. After vaccination, several studies were carried out in order to provide indications on the presence of antibodies after vaccination and the dosages were repeated over time [63][64][65][66][67]. mRNA vaccines stimulate anti-spike IgG in addition to T cell reactions that can be discovered in peripheral blood [68]; however, how long immunity is stimulated by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine is even under investigation at this phase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Breakthrough Infections in Fully Vaccinated Healthcare Personnel: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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The number of people vaccinated against COVID-19 increases worldwide every day; however, it is important to study the risk of breakthrough infections in vaccinated individuals at high risk of exposure such as healthcare personnel (HCP). A systematic literature review (SLR) applying the PRISMA declaration and the PECOS format using the following entry terms was used: “Health Personnel OR Healthcare Worker OR Healthcare Provider OR Healthcare Personnel AND breakthrough OR infection after vaccine*”. The research was carried out utilizing the following databases: SCOPUS, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Sciences. An overall very low incidence of post-vaccination breakthrough infections was found, ranging from 0.011 to 0.001 (per 100 individuals at risk). Our findings further support the published high effectiveness rates of mRNA vaccines in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infections among fully vaccinated HCP. Additional studies are needed to define the duration of the vaccine-induced protection among HCP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Breakthrough Infections in Fully Vaccinated Healthcare Personnel: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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“…More generally, establishing the sensitivity of these AbLFTs in different populations provides useful data to guide their potential use-case moving forward. Our study has provided an evaluation of multiple brands of LFT in vaccinated people across multiple timepoints and the variation observed in our study and other evaluations [11][12][13][14][15] highlights the importance for robust evaluation methods and standardisation to be implemented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Since the COVID-19 pandemic, an enormous number of manufacturers have developed LFTs which have entered the market without standardisation, although the National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC) now have available standards for anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin. Still, there is minimal validation procedure for these tests, and to date the available data on these tests indicates variable performance [11][12][13][14][15][16]. Lack of consistent methodology and reference standards make comparison of results between these studies difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of eight lateral flow tests for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a vaccinated population

et al. 2023

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Background Rapid determination of an individual’s antibody status can be beneficial in understanding an individual’s immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and for initiation of therapies that are only deemed effective in sero-negative individuals. Antibody lateral flow tests (LFTs) have potential to address this need as a rapid, point of care test. Methods Here we present a proof-of-concept evaluation of eight LFT brands using sera from 95 vaccinated individuals to determine sensitivity for detecting vaccination generated antibodies. Samples were analysed on eight different brands of antibody LFT and an automated chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) that identifies anti-spike antibodies which was used as our reference standard. Results All 95 (100%) participants tested positive for anti-spike antibodies by the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) reference standard post-dose two of their SARS-CoV-2 vaccine: BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech, n = 60), AZD1222 (AstraZeneca, n = 31), mRNA-1273 (Moderna, n = 2) and Undeclared Vaccine Brand (n = 2). Sensitivity increased from dose one to dose two in six out of eight LFTs with three tests achieving 100% sensitivity at dose two in detecting anti-spike antibodies. Conclusions These tests are demonstrated to be highly sensitive to detect raised antibody levels in vaccinated individuals. RDTs are low cost and rapid alternatives to ELISA based systems.

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“…LFTs have the potential to be a valuable, point of care tool to aid in the equitable distribution of vaccine doses according to existing antibody status and determine eligibility to life-saving monoclonalantibody therapies. Our study has provided an evaluation of multiple brands of LFT in vaccinated people across multiple timepoints and the variation observed in our study and other evaluations (11)(12)(13)(14)(15) highlights the importance for robust evaluation methods and standardisation to be implemented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Since the COVID-19 pandemic, an enormous number of manufacturers have developed LFTs which have entered the market without standardisation, although NIBSC now have available standards for anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin. Still, there is minimal validation procedure for these tests, and to date the available data on these tests indicates variable performance (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Lack of consistent methodology and reference standards make comparison of results between these studies difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Eight Lateral Flow Tests for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a vaccinated population

Greenland-Bews

Byrne

Owen

et al. 2022

Preprint

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With the distribution of COVID-19 vaccinations across the globe and the limited access in many countries, quick determination of an individual’s antibody status could be beneficial in allocating limited vaccine doses in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Antibody lateral flow tests (LFTs) have potential to address this need as a quick, point of care test, they also have a use case for identifying sero-negative individuals for novel therapeutics, and for epidemiology. Here we present a proof-of-concept evaluation of eight LFT brands using sera from 95 vaccinated individuals to determine sensitivity for detecting vaccination generated antibodies. All 95 (100%) participants tested positive for anti-spike antibodies by the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) reference standard post-dose two of their SARS-CoV-2 vaccine: BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech, n=60), AZD1222 (AstraZeneca, n=31), mRNA-1273 (Moderna, n=2) and Undeclared Vaccine Brand (n=2). Sensitivity increased from dose one to dose two in six out of eight LFTs with three tests achieving 100% sensitivity at dose two in detecting anti-spike antibodies. These tests are quick, low-cost point-of-care tools that can be used without prior training to establish antibody status and may prove valuable for allocating limited vaccine doses in LMICs to ensure those in at risk groups access the protection they need. Further investigation into their performance in vaccinated peoples is required before more widespread utilisation is considered.

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Rapid antibody testing for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine response in pediatric healthcare workers

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Breakthrough Infections in Fully Vaccinated Healthcare Personnel: A Systematic Review

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Breakthrough Infections in Fully Vaccinated Healthcare Personnel: A Systematic Review

Evaluation of eight lateral flow tests for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a vaccinated population

Evaluation of Eight Lateral Flow Tests for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a vaccinated population

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