Rapid Characterization of Wood Pulp Lignin by Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy

Ibrahim, Abdel Baset Mohamed El Nabwi Abdel Hamid; Oldham, Philip B.; Conners, Terrance E.; Schultz, Tor P.

doi:10.1006/mchj.1996.1455

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…More recently, the method has also been used to generate quantitative results in cellulosic and lignocellulosic materials. [2][3][4][5] Although linear dependence of Raman intensity on analyte concentration is well established, the occurrence of self-absorption (defined as absorption of Raman scattered photons by the sample itself) is known to cause problems. 6,7 The influence of self-absorption in an FT-Raman spectrum is manifested in the spectral region where the sample absorbs as a result of overtone-and combinationvibration bands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 The generalized form of this method is now able to analyze spectral intensity fluctuations from both sinusoidal and nonsinusoidal and even nonperiodic perturbations 2,3 and has found wide applications in various fields. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] One of the merits of the method has been believed to be its resolution enhancement feature (deconvolution feature). 2,4,7,16 In some laboratories, it has become an alter- native to popular deconvolution methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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“Self-Absorption” Phenomenon in Near-Infrared Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy of Cellulosic and Lignocellulosic Materials

Agarwal

Kawai

2005

Appl Spectrosc

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Self-Absorption” Phenomenon in Near-Infrared Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy of Cellulosic and Lignocellulosic Materials

Agarwal

Kawai

2005

Appl Spectrosc

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“…However, some of the semi-bleached chemical Brought to you by | University of Georgia Libraries Authenticated Download Date | 5/28/15 5:51 PM Table 1. pulps may produce a low intensity Raman band originating from lignin with NIR excitation when the kappa number is more than 10 (Ibrahim et al 1997;Agarwal et al 2003). This has not been possible with other excitation wavelengths because unbleached pulps show only Raman bands originating from lignin when UV wavelengths are used for the excitation.…”

Section: Relation To the Brightness And Kappa Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Resonance Raman spectroscopy of highly fluorescing lignin containing chemical pulps: Suppression of fluorescence with an optical Kerr gate

Saariaho¹,

Jääskeläinen²,

Matousek³

et al. 2004

Holzforschung

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Raman spectroscopy using 400 nm excitation was successfully applied to chemical pulp samples and the fluorescence background that usually limits the application of this method to such samples was effectively suppressed. This enabled the detection of much weaker Raman bands from the pulps. The rejection ratio of the fluorescence background to Raman scattering was estimated to be about 250. The resonance Raman spectra of peroxide bleached chemical pulps had chromophoric lignin bands at 1605 and 1655 cm y1 , whereas the chlorine dioxide bleached pulps had only the aromatic band at 1605 cm y1 . The square root of the aromatic chromophore band relative to cellulose band correlated linearly with the brightness which is in accordance with the Kubelka-Munk theory. This correlation indicated that the resonance enhanced Raman bands were mainly due to chromophoric lignin structures. Chlorine dioxide and peroxide bleached pulps gave different correlations to brightness, which was an indication of different kinds of chromophores in these pulps. The intensity of the aromatic band relative to the cellulose band was about 20 times higher with the ultraviolet (257 nm) than with the visible (400 nm) excitation. This clearly illustrated the importance of working with different excitation wavelengths. On one hand the UV excitation is more sensitive towards aromatic residual lignin in pulp, and on the other hand the visible excitation enables the selective detection of chromophoric lignin structures.

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“…Studies have shown that near-infrared (NIR) and Raman spectroscopy can determine lignin content and kappa number in pulp samples. 10–13 Wallbacks et al. have demonstrated the feasibility of NIR as a means of quantifying glucose and xylose in birch kraft pulp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown that near-infrared (NIR) and Raman spectroscopy can determine lignin content and kappa number in pulp samples. [10][11][12][13] Wallbacks et al have demonstrated the feasibility of NIR as a means of quantifying glucose and xylose in birch kraft pulp. 12 However, the fact that NIR spectroscopy yields only broad absorption bands with few distinct chemical features limits its application as a general method for measuring hemicellulose in a broad range of pulp samples with uncontrolled species variation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate Analysis of Hemicelluloses in Bleached Kraft Pulp Using Infrared Spectroscopy

Chen

Jang

et al. 2016

Appl Spectrosc

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The hemicellulose composition of a pulp significantly affects its chemical and physical properties and thus represents an important process control variable. However, complicated steps of sample preparation make standard methods for the carbohydrate analysis of pulp samples, such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), expensive and time-consuming. In contrast, pulp analysis by attenuated total internal reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR) requires little sample preparation. Here we show that ATR FT-IR with discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and standard normal variate (SNV) spectral preprocessing offers a convenient means for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of hemicelluloses in bleached kraft pulp and alkaline treated kraft pulp. The pulp samples investigated include bleached softwood kraft pulps, bleached hardwood kraft pulps, and their mixtures, as obtained from Canadian industry mills or blended in a lab, and bleached kraft pulp samples treated with 0-6% NaOH solutions. In the principal component analysis (PCA) of these spectra, we find the potential both to differentiate all pulps on the basis of hemicellulose compositions and to distinguish bleached hardwood pulps by species. Partial least squares (PLS) multivariate analysis gives a 0.442 wt% root mean square errors of prediction (RMSEP) for the prediction of xylan content and 0.233 wt% RMSEP for the prediction of mannan content. These data all support the idea that ATR FT-IR has a great potential to rapidly and accurately predict the content of xylan and mannan for bleached kraft pulps (softwood, hardwood, and their mixtures) in industry. However, the prediction of xylan and mannan concentrations presented a difficulty for pulp samples with modified cellulose crystalline structure.

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Rapid Characterization of Wood Pulp Lignin by Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

“Self-Absorption” Phenomenon in Near-Infrared Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy of Cellulosic and Lignocellulosic Materials

“Self-Absorption” Phenomenon in Near-Infrared Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy of Cellulosic and Lignocellulosic Materials

Resonance Raman spectroscopy of highly fluorescing lignin containing chemical pulps: Suppression of fluorescence with an optical Kerr gate

Multivariate Analysis of Hemicelluloses in Bleached Kraft Pulp Using Infrared Spectroscopy

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