Rapid detection of algal toxins by microfluidic immunoassay

Abstract

Herein we report fabricating a microfluidic device to monitor harmful algal blooming (HAB). The heterogeneous immuno-enzyme assay was integrated into a self-designed microfluidic chip for rapid and automatic analysis of algal toxins. The device was made from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and was assembled with a home-made control system. The performance of the system was demonstrated by the detection of microcystin, saxitoxin and cylindrospermopsin, the major cyanotoxins. In one single microfluidic chip, multiple samples were controlled and analysed in a parallel manner. Under the optimal conditions, the linear range and the limit of detection of microcystins were 0-5.0 ng mL(-1) and 0.02 ng mL(-1) respectively. The total analysis time was less than 25 min. The designed device was highly automatic, more efficient and economic compared to conventional techniques.

Microfluidic system for high-throughput immunoglobulin-E analysis from clinical serum samples

“…1B). Metal pins (23 gauge; New England Small Tubing Corp.) were used to connect micro-channels and tubing (Cole Palmer) for accessing reagents [29]. HCl (1% v/v) À H 2 O 2 (1% v/v) mixture, ethanol, and PBS were then sequentially pumped into the microfluidic chip to wash it before use.…”

“…To detect the specific IgE of serum against allergen, the microarray chips were scanned using a Luxscan-10K/A microarray scanner (Fig. 2H) [29][30][31] with a 532 nm laser source for Cy3 (Beijing Capital Bio Co., Ltd., China). Data (signal intensity) were analyzed with the software accompanying the scanner [32].…”

Recent Developments in Antibody-Based Assays for the Detection of Bacterial Toxins

“…( B ) ( a ) Scheme of the competitive immunoassay in the immune-reaction columns; and ( b ) an illustration of the chip operations for the immunoassay. Reproduced from [102,103] with permission from The Royal Society of Chemistry.…”

Rapid microfluidic immunoassay for surveillance and diagnosis of Cryptosporidium infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients

“…Protein A-coated microspheres with a diameter of 9 lm could bind with anti-His monoclonal antibodies, and the microspheres could bind with P23 with a 6ÂHis tag. 18 The microspheres with P23 are preloaded into the columns, ready for used in the rapid analysis of patient serum samples. 2 ll of the serum samples (50 times dilution) were pumped into the reaction column, and then the fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated goat anti-human polyclonal antibody was added into the column after the microspheres were washed by PBS-Tween.…”

“…15,16 Due to its good performance, several microfluidics-based biosensing methods have recently been developed for the rapid and quantitative detection of microbes and large molecules. [17][18][19][20] Furthermore, microfluidic chip devices performing high complexity assays may bring confirmatory testing from the specialized laboratories to the point of care (POC) setting. 17,[21][22][23] In the previous work, we selected the Entamoeba histolytica as a model to prove the reliability and diagnostic value of this immune-microfluidic diagnostic device.…”