Rapid determination of volatile composition from Polygala furcata Royle by MAE–HS-SPME followed by GC–MS

Abstract

Based on microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) followed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was developed for the fast determination of volatile chemical compositions of Polygala furcata Royle, the experimental parameters of the MAE-HS-SPME were optimized by orthogonal experimental design. The results indicated that the optimum condition of the determination of the volatile compounds in P. furcata Royle. was achieved with the experimental parameters including microwave power of 400 W and irradiation time of 4 min, sample size 2.0 g. Under the optimal conditions, for the Wrst time, 52 volatile compounds were separated and identiWed from the fresh plants of P. furcata Royle. The highest content component of the 52 compounds was 2-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester (21.65%). The relative standard deviation values <7% showed that the method of MAE-HS-SPME followed by GC-MS has good precision. The experimental results demonstrated that it is a simple, time-saving and solvent-free method, and it is a potential analytic tool for the determination of the volatile compounds of the vegetations materials and other materials.

Recent advances in combining microextraction techniques for sample pre-treatment

“…Microwave irradiation and SPME adsorption could also be reduced to only 2 min when using amine-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles (AMNs) previously mixed with the sample (dried Perilla frutescens (L.)) in the solvent-free MAE-HS-SPME procedure when AMNs acted as a microwave-absorbing solid medium for dry distillation [10]. However, we need to mention that data regarding validation (quantitative recovery/accuracy) were not given [9,10].…”

“…Recently, Feng et al [12] proposed an on-line ultrasound-microwave hybrid-assisted extraction (UMHE) system coupled to HS-SPME for extracting essential oils (EOs) from dry traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). The UMHE-HS-SPME consisted of a modified domestic microwave oven with a cooling condenser and a glass tube used for sealing and guiding the vapor through the SPME fiber, similar to previously used designs [8][9][10]. However, a flask with three necks was used for containing the sample and the solvent (10 mL of ultrapure water) and for allowing the glass-tube attachment and the ultrasound probe and temperature sensor introduction inside the extraction flask.…”

“…A similar design, but without solvents (only a small amount of water was used for moistening the sample and enhancing microwave energy absorption by the sample), was used for extracting or pre-concentrating volatile compounds from Polygala furcata Royle [9]. Microwave distillation (MD) and simultaneous SPME pre-concentration were performed in only 4 min.…”

Identification of key odorants in honeysuckle by headspace-solid phase microextraction and solvent-assisted flavour evaporation with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatograph-olfactometry in combination with chemometrics

“…Again, clustering was observed for LJF and LF of different origins. γ-Nonalactone (32) and 2-methoxy-4-vinyl phenol (34) determined the separation of LJC, and 1-nonanol (20) and furfural (12) determined the separation of LF from the other various honeysuckle extracted by HS-SPME and SAFE.…”

“…In comparison, headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) is a relatively low-temperature, solvent-free, and rapid approach [10]. For this reason, it is a popular method applied in the food matrix of natural materials [11,12]. HS-SPME is suitable for the isolation of highly volatile compounds.…”