Rapid development of learning-induced receptive field plasticity in the auditory cortex.

Edeline, Jean‐Marc; Pham, Phuc Van; Weinberger, Norman M.

doi:10.1037/0735-7044.107.4.539

Cited by 201 publications

(149 citation statements)

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“…Systemic administration of scopolamine to healthy humans induces impairment to attentional processes, and memory, as well as decreases in higher frequency gamma/beta EEG power relative to lower frequency delta/theta power (Ebert and Kirch, 1998). Although not directly demonstrated in the current study, VNS has been shown to excite the nucleus basalis (NB) (Detari et al, 1983) and similarly to VNS, NB activation promotes arousal, suppresses seizure activity Berdiev et al, 2007), and promotes neural plasticity (Edeline et al, 1993;Engineer et al, 2011). The suppression of evoked responses to repetitive stimuli by brief activation of VNS we demonstrate are notably similar to the suppression induced by arousal (Castro-Alamancos and Connors, 1996b); however, their precise relationship remains unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Vagus nerve stimulation modulates cortical synchrony and excitability through the activation of muscarinic receptors

et al. 2011

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Abstract-Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an FDA approved treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy and depression.Recently, we demonstrated the capacity for repeatedly pairing sensory input with brief pulses of VNS to induce input specific reorganization in rat auditory cortex. This was subsequently used to reverse the pathological neural and perceptual correlates of hearing loss induced tinnitus. Despite its therapeutic potential, VNS mechanisms of action remain speculative. In this study, we report the acute effects of VNS on intra-cortical synchrony, excitability, and sensory processing in anesthetized rat auditory cortex. VNS significantly increased and decorrelated spontaneous multi-unit activity, and suppressed entrainment to repetitive noise burst stimulation at 6 -8 Hz but not after application of the muscarinic antagonist scopolamine. Collectively, these experiments demonstrate the capacity for VNS to acutely influence cortical synchrony and excitability and strengthen the hypothesis that acetylcholine and muscarinic receptors are involved in VNS mechanisms of action. These results are discussed with respect to their possible implications for sensory processing, neural plasticity, and epilepsy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Vagus nerve stimulation modulates cortical synchrony and excitability through the activation of muscarinic receptors

et al. 2011

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“…MGv plasticity is more consistent with Suga's model of time-limited subcortical auditory plasticity. However, incompatible with the Suga view of slowly developing cortical plasticity is the fact that RF plasticity in A1 develops rapidly, within only five training trials 18 .…”

Section: Loci Of Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 89%

“…RF plasticity was still present after one hour. The opposite changes in response to the CS frequency and the pre-training BF could be very large and even produce a reversal of response sign, that is, a CS frequency that was originally inhibitory became excitatory and vice versa for the pre-training BF 18 (Fig. 2a).…”

Section: Receptive Field Plasticity: Tuning Shiftsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was the first finding that learning specifically alters the tonotopic map and supports the view that behaviourally important sounds successfully 'capture' the tuning of neurons. However, this effect was produced using thousands of training trials over many months, whereas RF plasticity can be induced in a few minutes 18 . Although perceptual learning increases acuity on the trained dimension 36 , it is not likely that subjects encode and retain particular information about a specific frequency, leaving open the question of whether specific map expansion develops rapidly as in associative learning.…”

Section: Specific Modification Of Tonotopic Mapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Specific long-term memory traces in primary auditory cortex

2004

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Learning and memory involve the storage of specific sensory experiences. However, until recently the idea that the primary sensory cortices could store specific memory traces had received little attention. Converging evidence obtained using techniques from sensory physiology and the neurobiology of learning and memory supports the idea that the primary auditory cortex acquires and retains specific memory traces about the behavioural significance of selected sounds. The cholinergic system of the nucleus basalis, when properly engaged, is sufficient to induce both specific memory traces and specific behavioural memory. A contemporary view of the primary auditory cortex should incorporate its mnemonic and other cognitive functions.Identifying the neural substrates of learning and memory is a core problem in neuroscience. As memories involve the representation of past sensory events, they may be stored, in part, within sensory systems. Sensory systems have traditionally been viewed as 'stimulus analysers', with learning and memory assigned to 'higher' cortical regions. Nonetheless, neurophysiological studies have produced evidence for learning-induced plasticity in sensory cortices, and in particular the auditory cortex. Galambos and colleagues first implicated the primary auditory cortex (A1) in learning in 1956, observing that pairing an auditory conditioned stimulus (CS) with a weak shock (a mildly aversive unconditioned stimulus (US)) produced a significant increase in the amplitude of CS-elicited evoked field potentials in A1 of the cat 1 . Subsequently, these findings were extended to other tasks (such as discrimination), types of learning (including instrumental conditioning), motivations (for example, food) and types of recording (such as single and multiple unit discharges) 2 .Although such results established associative plasticity in A1, neither they nor similar findings in other sensory cortices addressed the key issue of specificity of information storage. As memories have specific content, how could changes in the magnitude of sensory cortical responses adequately reflect the encoding of specific aspects of experiences? A solution was provided by the field of sensory neurophysiology, which focuses on stimulus specificity. Sensory physiology experiments use a wide range of stimulus values to NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript determine how specific sensory stimuli are processed and coded. In fact, the basic paradigms of sensory physiology and learning are complementary (Box 1).This article presents an overview of research that combines experimental designs from sensory physiology with those of learning and memory to search for specific memory traces in A1. A sign of a specific memory trace would be learning-induced physiological plasticity that has the key characteristics of behavioural memory and sufficient specificity to encode a canonical attribute of experience, such as a physical feature and its behavioural importance. Previous reviews have covered ot...

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“…For example, changes in the responses of auditory cortex neurons are already observed after 5 conditioning trials and reach its maximum after 15 trials (Edeline, Pham, & Weinberger, 1993). Moreover, different neuron populations show plastic changes with different temporal properties, with units showing alterations in the early phase of learning and others whose modification has a slower course ).…”

Section: Fear Conditioning Induces Plastic Changes In Neuronal Responmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroscience of Pavlovian Conditioning: A Brief Review

Aguado

2003

Span. J. Psychol.

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Current knowledge on the neuronal substrates of Pavlovian conditioning in animals and man is briefly reviewed. First, work on conditioning in aplysia, that has showed amplified pre-synaptic facilitation as the basic mechanism of associative learning, is summarized. Then, two exemplars of associative learning in vertebrates, fear conditioning in rodents and eyelid conditioning in rabbits, are described and research into its neuronal substrates discussed. Research showing the role of the amygdala in fear conditioning and of the cerebellum in eyelid conditioning is reviewed, both at the circuit and cellular plasticity levels. Special attention is given to the parallelism suggested by this research between the neuronal mechanisms of conditioning and the principles of formal learning theory. Finally, recent evidence showing a similar role of the amygdala and of the cerebellum in human Pavlovian conditioning is discussed. Keywords: Pavlovian conditioning, neural mechanisms, learning theoriesEl artículo revisa brevemente los conocimientos actuales acerca de los substratos neuronales del condicionamiento pavloviano en los animales y en el hombre. En primer lugar, se resume la investigación sobre condicionamiento en aplysias, que ha demostrado la importancia de la facilitación sináptica amplificada como mecanismo básico del aprendizaje asociativo. A continuación, se describen dos ejemplos de aprendizaje asociativo en vertebrados, el condicionamiento del miedo en roedores y el condicionamiento del parpadeo en conejos, con referencias a la investigación sobre sus substratos neuronales. Se revisa la investigación que muestra el papel de la amígdala en el condicionamiento del miedo y del cerebelo en el condicionamiento del parpadeo, al nivel tanto de circuitos como de la plasticidad celular. Se presta especial atención a los paralelismos que esta área de investigación sugiere entre los mecanismos neuronales del condicionamiento y los principios de las teorías formales del aprendizaje. Por último, se comentan diversas pruebas recientes que demuestran un papel semejante de la amígdala y del cerebelo en el condicionamiento pavloviano humano. Palabras clave: condicionamiento pavloviano, mecanismos neurales, teorias del aprendizaje

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Rapid development of learning-induced receptive field plasticity in the auditory cortex.

Cited by 201 publications

References 28 publications

Vagus nerve stimulation modulates cortical synchrony and excitability through the activation of muscarinic receptors

Vagus nerve stimulation modulates cortical synchrony and excitability through the activation of muscarinic receptors

Specific long-term memory traces in primary auditory cortex

Neuroscience of Pavlovian Conditioning: A Brief Review

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