Rapid Diagnosis of Bacteremia

Finegold, Sydney M.; Sutter, Vera L.; Carter, Walker T.

doi:10.1093/labmed/1.11.35

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Substantially higher rates (17 and 12%7 in broth with and without added sodium polyanetholesulfonate, respectively) have been reported by Finegold et al (8). In a more recent report by these same investigators (7), approximately 20%7 of broth cultures became positive. The explanation for the significantly higher positivity rates encountered by Finegold et al is not readily apparent, Linless perhaps their total number of cultures represented multiple replicate samples from a relatively smaller number of selected patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Comparison of Two Commercially Available Media for Detection of Bacteremia

Washington¹

1971

Applied Microbiology

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An analysis of 3,795 positive blood cultures obtained from 1,718 patients in a 2.5year evaluation of Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB) and Thiol Broth is reported. Isolation rates of Actinobacillus and Pseudomonas were significantly greater in TSB, whereas isolation rates of Streptococcus and Corynebacterium (aerobic and anaerobic) were significantly greater in Thiol. Otherwise, the two media were similar. Disregarding contaminants, anaerobic bacteria represented 11 %, of positive cultures and 20NC of patients with bacteremia. Eleven per cent of the patients had polymicrobial bacteremia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Comparison of Two Commercially Available Media for Detection of Bacteremia

Washington¹

1971

Applied Microbiology

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“…Previous studies of septicemic patients and blood collected immediately after phlebotomy show that such bacteremias are in the range of 10 to 50 CFU per mL. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] It is also conceivable that there may have been interfilter variability or variation in the inoculum size. The exact mechanism of removal of Y. enterocolitica by filtration is unknown; one possibility is that the organisms adhere to the filter fibers in a manner similar to the mechanism for removal of WBCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prestorage removal of Yersinia enterocolitica from red cells with white cell‐reduction filters

Kim¹,

Brecher

Bland

et al. 1992

Transfusion

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Prestorage removal of phagocytic white cells (WBCs) may increase the survivability of contaminating bacteria in units of stored red cells. Fourteen units of whole blood were inoculated with 65 colony-forming units per mL of Yersinia enterocolitica (serotype O:3) and processed into AS-3-preserved red cells. Five red cell units were filtered with a prototype third-generation filter and five red cell units with a second generation filter. WBC reduction was performed on the day of collection. Four red cell units were not filtered. Three noninoculated whole blood units served as negative controls; two were filtered (one with each type of WBC-reduction filter) and one remained unfiltered. All red cell units were then stored at 4 degrees C for 42 days. One of the five filtered red cell units (20%) in each filter group supported growth of Y. enterocolitica. In contrast, 4 (100%) of 4 unfiltered inoculated red cell units had growth (p = 0.04). Overall, 2 (20%) of 10 units of WBC-reduced red cells supported the growth of Y. enterocolitica, as compared to 100 percent of unfiltered red cell units after inoculation (p = 0.015). Bacterial contamination was not detected in any of the three noninoculated units. It can be concluded that prestorage WBC filtration significantly reduces the potential for growth of Y. enterocolitica in red cells stored at 4 degrees C for 42 days.

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“…These early studies used cumbersome and time-consuming methods in which only small volumes of blood were processed for culture. Winn et al (104) and Finegold et al (27) reported a differential membrane filtration technique which allowed the processing of larger blood volumes and separate culture of different blood components. The formed elements of blood were separated by differential centrifugation and plasma only was passed through a membrane filter.…”

Section: Development Of Quantitative Blood Culture Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative aspects of septicemia

1990

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For years, quantitative blood cultures found only limited use as aids in the diagnosis and management of septic patients because the available methods were cumbersome, labor intensive, and practical only for relatively small volumes of blood. The development and subsequent commercial availability of lysis-centrifugation direct plating methods for blood cultures have addressed many of the shortcomings of the older methods. The lysis-centrifugation method has demonstrated good performance relative to broth-based blood culture methods. As a result, quantitative blood cultures have found widespread use in clinical microbiology laboratories. Most episodes of clinical significant bacteremia in adults are characterized by low numbers of bacteria per milliliter of blood. In children, the magnitude of bacteremia is generally much higher, with the highest numbers of bacteria found in the blood of septic neonates. The magnitude of bacteremia correlates with the severity of disease in children and with mortality rates in adults, but other factors play more important roles in determining the patient's outcome. Serial quantitative blood cultures have been used to monitor the in vivo efficacy of antibiotic therapy in patients with slowly resolving sepsis, such as disseminated Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare complex infections. Quantitative blood culture methods were used in early studies of bacterial endocarditis, and the results significantly contributed to our understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease. Comparison of paired quantitative blood cultures obtained from a peripheral vein and the central venous catheter has been used to help identify patients with catheter-related sepsis and is the only method that does not require removal of the catheter to establish the diagnosis. Quantitation of bacteria in the blood can also help distinguish contaminated from truly positive blood cultures; however, no quantitative criteria can invariably differentiate contamination from bacteremia.

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Rapid Diagnosis of Bacteremia

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

Comparison of Two Commercially Available Media for Detection of Bacteremia

Comparison of Two Commercially Available Media for Detection of Bacteremia

Prestorage removal of Yersinia enterocolitica from red cells with white cell‐reduction filters

Quantitative aspects of septicemia

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