Rapid growth and large body size in annual fish populations are compromised by density‐dependent regulation

Vrtílek, Milan; Žák, Jakub; Polačik, Matěj; Blažek, Radim; Reichard, Martin

doi:10.1111/jfb.14052

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…2017) and in the wild (Lorenzen and Enberg 2002; Vrtílek et al. 2019) and if body size has a stronger plastic response than brain size, this could potentially affect relative brain size. As the fast‐ and slow‐living species differ in terms of growth (Sowersby et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…sexually mature) adults in mixed-sex groups. However, rearing density has previously been found to suppress growth rates in fish, both in the laboratory (Ribas et al 2017) and in the wild (Lorenzen and Enberg 2002;Vrtílek et al 2019) and if body size has a stronger plastic response than brain size, this could potentially affect relative brain size. As the fast-and slowliving species differ in terms of growth (Sowersby et al preprint), it is plausible that plastic effects (suppression of growth) will be stronger in those species with faster growth rates (Auld et al 2010).…”

Section: Growth Rate and Brain Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

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Fast life‐histories are associated with larger brain size in killifishes

et al. 2021

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The high energetic demands associated with the vertebrate brain are proposed to result in a trade‐off between the pace of life‐history and relative brain size. However, because both life‐history and brain size also have a strong relationship with body size, any associations between the pace of life‐history and relative brain size may be confounded by coevolution with body size. Studies on systems where contrasts in the pace of life‐history occur without concordant contrasts in body size could therefore add to our understanding of the potential coevolution between relative brain size and life‐history. Using one such system – 21 species of killifish – we employed a common garden design across two ontogenetic stages to investigate the association between relative brain size and the pace of life‐history. Contrary to predictions, we found that relative brain size was larger in adult fast‐living killifishes, compared to slow‐living species. Although we found no differences in relative brain size between juvenile killifishes. Our results suggest that fast‐ and slow‐living killifishes do not exhibit the predicted trade‐off between brain size and life‐history. Instead, fast and slow‐living killifishes could differ in the ontogenetic timing of somatic versus neural growth or inhabit environments that differ considerably in cognitive demands.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Growth Rate and Brain Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Fast life‐histories are associated with larger brain size in killifishes

et al. 2021

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“…Wet body mass was measured to the nearest 0.01 g by wiping each fish with a wet towel in a hand net before placing on the balance (PCB 350-3, Kern, Germany). Visual representations of body size growth for wild fish were used from Vrtílek et al (2019). The thermal unit growth coefficient (TGC) was used as the least biased growth parameter (Lugert et al, 2016), estimated from sexspecific differences in mean body size from two measurements.…”

Section: Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Starter feed for carnivorous species as a practical replacement of bloodworms for a vertebrate model organism in ageing, the turquoise killifish Nothobranchius furzeri

Žák

Roy

Dyková

et al. 2022

Journal of Fish Biology

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The absence of a controlled diet is unfortunate in a promising model organism for ageing, the turquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri Jubb, 1971). Currently captive N. furzeri are fed bloodworms but it is not known whether this is an optimal diet. Replacing bloodworms with a practical dry feed would reduce diet variability. In the present study, we estimated the nutritional value of the diet ingested by wild fish and determined the fish‐body amino acid profile as a proxy for their nutritional requirements. We compared the performance of fish fed four commercial feeds containing 46%–64% protein to that achieved with bloodworms and that of wild fish. Wild fish target a high‐protein (60%) diet and this is supported by their superior performance on high‐protein diets in captivity. In contrast, feeds for omnivores led to slower growth, lower fecundity and unnatural liver size. In comparison to wild fish, a bloodworm diet led to lower body condition, overfeeding and male liver enlargement. Out of the four dry feeds tested, the fish fed Aller matched wild fish in body condition and liver size, and was comparable to bloodworms in terms of growth and fecundity. A starter feed for carnivorous species appears to be a practical replacement for bloodworms for N. furzeri. The use of dry feeds improved performance in comparison to bloodworms and thus may contribute to reducing response variability and improving research reproducibility in N. furzeri research.

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“…This outcome may affect size‐selective events, such as winter mortality, predation risk, interspecific competition, and reproduction (Einum & Fleming, ). Interspecific resource competition can affect growth patterns and timing of sexual maturation to a degree that the effects can be higher than those of climate (Rollinson, Kaye, & Canham, ; Vrtílek, Žák, Polačik, Blažek, & Reichard, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interspecific resource competition can affect growth patterns and timing of sexual maturation to a degree that the effects can be higher than those of climate (Rollinson, Kaye, & Canham, 2016;Vrtílek, Žák, Polačik, Blažek, & Reichard, 2019).…”

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confidence: 99%

Changing patterns of growth in a changing planet: How a shift in phenology affects critical life‐history traits in annual fishes

et al. 2019

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Changes to the timing of key life‐cycle events can alter selection on life‐history traits and have the potential to drive a cascade of effects at the community level. We investigated how the growth rate and sexual maturation of two annual killifish species (Austrolebias bellottii and Austrolebias nigripinnis) were altered by a change in the pattern of precipitation. These are annual species, endemic to ephemeral pools, persist in desiccated sediment as partly developed embryos. We sampled 18 pools supporting populations of both species in a Pampa region adjacent to the Rio Negro in western Uruguay throughout the austral winter of 2015. Fish growth and maturation were monitored from pool inundation to habitat desiccation, along with environmental variables. The region experienced an unprecedented mid‐winter desiccation of pools that usually contain water from autumn to late spring, typically only desiccating in summer. Many desiccated pools were re‐inundated from later rains, generating a second cohort of killifish in some pools (53%) in response to atypical conditions. The second cohort developed more rapidly than the first, with 40% earlier attainment of asymptotic body size. Rapid development of second‐cohort fish was associated with earlier maturation and greater investment in reproductive tissue. The study demonstrated the capacity of annual fish to express developmental plasticity that buffered the negative consequences of an atypical seasonal climatic cycle. The capacity of these annual fishes to cope with alternations to their life cycle will depend on the ability of egg banks in the sediment to tolerate an increased unpredictability of precipitation. Overall, we demonstrate how phenotypic plasticity can mitigate the negative impacts of climate change and associated altered phenology.

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Rapid growth and large body size in annual fish populations are compromised by density‐dependent regulation

Cited by 10 publications

References 43 publications

Fast life‐histories are associated with larger brain size in killifishes

Fast life‐histories are associated with larger brain size in killifishes

Starter feed for carnivorous species as a practical replacement of bloodworms for a vertebrate model organism in ageing, the turquoise killifish Nothobranchius furzeri

Changing patterns of growth in a changing planet: How a shift in phenology affects critical life‐history traits in annual fishes

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