Rapid Hebbian axonal remodeling mediated by visual stimulation

Munz, Martin; Gobert, Delphine; Schohl, Anne; Poquérusse, Jessie; Podgorski, Kaspar; Spratt, Perry W.E.; Ruthazer, Edward S.

doi:10.1126/science.1251593

Cited by 81 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In human and nonhuman primate brains, axonal growth during development is correlated with increased FA values in the association fibers (53,54). Neural activity has been shown to result in the growth and branching of axonal fibers (55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60). This type of activity-dependent axonal growth may have occurred in subjects during immersion, which may contribute to higher FA values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain white matter structure and COMT gene are linked to second-language learning in adults

Mamiya

Richards

Coe

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Adult human brains retain the capacity to undergo tissue reorganization during second-language learning. Brain-imaging studies show a relationship between neuroanatomical properties and learning for adults exposed to a second language. However, the role of genetic factors in this relationship has not been investigated. The goal of the current study was twofold: (i) to characterize the relationship between brain white matter fiber-tract properties and second-language immersion using diffusion tensor imaging, and (ii) to determine whether polymorphisms in the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene affect the relationship. We recruited incoming Chinese students enrolled in the University of Washington and scanned their brains one time. We measured the diffusion properties of the white matter fiber tracts and correlated them with the number of days each student had been in the immersion program at the time of the brain scan. We found that higher numbers of days in the English immersion program correlated with higher fractional anisotropy and lower radial diffusivity in the right superior longitudinal fasciculus. We show that fractional anisotropy declined once the subjects finished the immersion program. The relationship between brain white matter fiber-tract properties and immersion varied in subjects with different COMT genotypes. Subjects with the Methionine (Met)/Valine (Val) and Val/Val genotypes showed higher fractional anisotropy and lower radial diffusivity during immersion, which reversed immediately after immersion ended, whereas those with the Met/Met genotype did not show these relationships. Statistical modeling revealed that subjects' grades in the language immersion program were best predicted by fractional anisotropy and COMT genotype.genetic variation | short-term plasticity | dopamine S econd-language learning in adulthood is becoming increasingly prevalent as globalization advances. Previous studies show that gray matter volume and density are related to foreign language speech learning (1, 2), and that the degree of volumetric change in an individual predicts the level of foreign language proficiency achieved by that person (3, 4). Recent studies using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) techniques further show that diffusion properties of brain white matter structure are correlated with foreign language learning (5-7). One of these studies demonstrated that the changes in diffusion properties predicted students' second-language proficiency at the end of a language immersion program (7). These findings suggest that the properties of brain structure change with the acquisition of a new language, and that the adult human brain is capable of tissue reorganization in response to intense use of a new language after the putative "critical period."What remains unknown is whether and how genetic factors are related to brain white matter fiber-tract properties as learning ensues. Cumulative evidence using DTI analysis has suggested that brain white matter fiber-tract properties are related to skill learning ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain white matter structure and COMT gene are linked to second-language learning in adults

Mamiya

Richards

Coe

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…pH, HCO 3 À , and ABE all increased significantly after CA probably in response to the administration of HCO 3 À immediately after ROSC in order to counteract acidosis. Longer CA duration caused significantly lower Po 2 and MABP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assignment to 1 of 2 blinded and coded treatment groups alternated between experiments. Physiological parameters (age, body weight, Po 2 , Pco 2, pH, acid base excess [ABE], hematocrit [HCT], plasma glucose, HCO 3 À , mean arterial blood pressure [MABP], and temporalis/rectal temperatures) were monitored before as well as after CA. A group of naïve rats of similar age and weight were included for a priori power analysis and subsequent comparison with treated groups.…”

Section: Materials and Methods Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arterial blood gases, including, Pco 2 , Po 2 , pH, HCO 3 À and ABE were analyzed (iSTAT analyzer with GC8 þ cartridges; Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL) and maintained within normal limits by adjusting respiratory rate (60 ± 10 rpm) and tidal volume (stroke volume 2.0 mL-3.2 mL/ min). MABP and ECG were also continuously monitored using an AMP 6600 blood pressure amplifier and an AMP 6600 bioelectric amplifier (Gould Instrument Systems, Valley View, OH).…”

Section: Cardiac Arrest Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hyperactivation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) play a major role in excitotoxic neuronal injury during cerebral ischemia. NMDAR also play an essential role in synaptic plasticity 3 and may thus contribute to regeneration and restoration of cognitive function in days to weeks following the initial insult. Studies of closed head injury show that excitotoxic, hyperactivation of NMDAR occurs for a short period of time (o1 hour after injury), and is followed by a period of NMDAR downregulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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D-Cycloserine 24 and 48 Hours after Asphyxial Cardiac Arrest has No Effect on Hippocampal CA1 Neuropathology

Combs

Crispell

Drew

2014

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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Stimulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) contributes to regenerative neuroplasticity following the initial excitotoxic insult during cerebral ischemia. Stimulation of NMDAR with the partial NMDAR agonist D-cycloserine (DCS) improves outcome and restores hippocampal synaptic plasticity in models of closed head injury. We thus hypothesized that DCS would improve outcome following restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) from cardiac arrest (CA). DCS (10 mg/kg, IP) was administered to Sprague-Dawley rats (male, 250–330 g; 63–84 days old) 24 and 48 hours after 6 or 8 minutes of asphyxial CA. Heart rate and blood pressure declined similarly in all groups. Animals showed neurological deficits after 6 and 8 minutes CA ( P < 0.05, Tukey) and these deficits recovered more quickly after 6 minutes than after 8 minutes of CA. CA decreased the number of healthy neurons within CA1 with no difference between 6 and 8 minutes duration of CA (180.8 ± 27.6 (naïve, n = 5) versus 46.3 ± 33.8 (all CA groups, n = 27) neurons per mm CA1). DCS had no effect on neurological deficits or CA1 hippocampal cell counts ( P > 0.05, Tukey).

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Use and Abuse of IoT: Challenges and Recommendations

Douglass¹

2022

IoT for Defense and National Security

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Rapid Hebbian axonal remodeling mediated by visual stimulation

Cited by 81 publications

References 29 publications

Brain white matter structure and COMT gene are linked to second-language learning in adults

Brain white matter structure and COMT gene are linked to second-language learning in adults

D-Cycloserine 24 and 48 Hours after Asphyxial Cardiac Arrest has No Effect on Hippocampal CA1 Neuropathology

Use and Abuse of IoT: Challenges and Recommendations

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