Rapid Method for Chlorinated Pesticide Residues in Nonfatty Foods

Mills, Paul A; Onley, John H; Gaither, R A

doi:10.1093/jaoac/46.2.186

Cited by 58 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…Improvement of extraction processes, together with the development of analytical methodologies, has lessened the complexity of sample treatment and increased analytical accuracy and precision (Grimalt & Dehouck, 2016). As a fundamental MRM, organochlorine pesticide analysis in foodstuffs (fruits and vegetables) was developed in 1963 using acetonitrile and petroleum ether (Mills, Onley, & Gaither, 1963). To analyse pesticides with greater polarity than the organochlorines, Luke, Froberg, and Masumoto (1975) developed an acetonedependent method followed by the use of dichloromethane and petroleum ether, partitioning and clean-up with florisil.…”

Section: Sample Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical approach, dissipation pattern and risk assessment of pesticide residue in green leafy vegetables: A comprehensive review

Farha

El‐Aty

Rahman

et al. 2017

Biomedical Chromatography

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The category of 'leafy vegetables' comprises a wide range of plants, including cabbage, lettuce, leeks, spinach, Swiss chard and kale, and it forms a significant component of the human diet. Typically, leafy vegetables are low in calories and fat, are great sources of vitamins, protein, dietary fibre and minerals (including iron, calcium, and nitrates), and are rich in phytochemicals. To counter the impact of pests on vegetables, a broad variety of pesticides are used. Because of their large surface areas, leafy vegetables are expected to have high residual pesticide levels. As such, a sound analytical approach is needed to detect and quantify residue levels that are equal to or lower than the maximum residue limits, thus rendering the products safe for consumption. Overall, leafy vegetables consumed raw (after a tap water wash only), boiled or steamed contribute 2% of total vegetable consumption globally, and they might have a comparatively greater influence on health than cereal ingestion. Consequently, in this review paper, we highlight the importance of leafy vegetables, the pesticides that are commonly used on them and various analytical techniques, including sample preparation, extraction, clean-up and final detection. The effects on dissipation patterns, pre-harvest residue limits and safety/risks imposed by various pesticides are also reviewed and discussed. In conclusion, environmentally friendly extraction methods coupled with high-throughput techniques with greater reproducibility and lower uncertainty are needed for quantifying residues in leafy vegetables at very low concentrations. Commercial and household food preparation, such as washing, peeling, blanching and cooking are effective in removing most of the pesticide residues that are loosely attached on vegetables.

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Section: Sample Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical approach, dissipation pattern and risk assessment of pesticide residue in green leafy vegetables: A comprehensive review

Farha

El‐Aty

Rahman

et al. 2017

Biomedical Chromatography

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“…One-liter water samples, in duplicate, were extracted with hexane. The extract was cleaned on Florisil columns and then combined and concentrated on a Kuderna-Danish sys tem to 1 ml, or sufficiently to achieve a final pesticide concentration of about 2 X 10-7 M. [20][21] Analysis was done on a gas-liquid chromatography unitf equipped with a digital integrator and a strip chart recorder.} Three separate columns were used: (1) 5 per cent QF-1 + 3 per cent DC-200, (2) 1.5 per cent OV-17 + 2 per cent QF-i, and (3) 5 per cent OV-1, all on Chromosorb W 80/100.…”

Section: Experimental Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticidal Residue in Rural Potable Water

Sandhu¹,

Warren²,

Nelson³

1978

Journal AWWA

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“…To obtain different concentrations, 32 different solutions (0, 0.01, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3. 5,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20 times the prescribed dose) were prepared.…”

Section: Strawberry Collection and Pesticide Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of pesticide residual levels in strawberry (Fragaria) by near‐infrared spectroscopy

2020

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BACKGROUND In this study, an infrared‐based prediction method was developed for easy, fast and non‐destructive detection of pesticide residue levels measured by reference analysis in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch, cv. Albion) samples using near‐infrared spectroscopy and demonstrating its potential alternative or complementary use instead of traditional pesticide determination methods. Strawberries of Albion variety, which were supplied directly from greenhouses, were used as the study material. A total of 60 batch sample groups, each consisting of eight strawberries, was formed, and each group was treated with a commercial pesticide at different concentrations (26.7% boscalid + 6.7% pyraclostrobin) and varying residual levels were obtained in strawberry batches. The strawberry samples with pesticide residuals were used both to collect near‐infrared spectra and to determine reference pesticide levels, applying QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, rugged, safe) extraction, followed by liquid chromatographic–mass spectrometric analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Partial least squares regression (PLSR) models were developed for boscalid and pyraclostrobin active substances. During model development, the samples were randomly divided into two groups as calibration (n = 48) and validation (n = 12) sets. A calibration model was developed for each active substance, and then the models were validated using cross‐validation and external sets. Performance evaluation of the PLSR models was evaluated based on the residual predictive deviation (RPD) of each model. An RPD of 2.28 was obtained for boscalid, while it was 2.31 for pyraclostrobin. These results indicate that the developed models have reasonable predictive power. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Rapid Method for Chlorinated Pesticide Residues in Nonfatty Foods

Cited by 58 publications

References 0 publications

Analytical approach, dissipation pattern and risk assessment of pesticide residue in green leafy vegetables: A comprehensive review

Analytical approach, dissipation pattern and risk assessment of pesticide residue in green leafy vegetables: A comprehensive review

Pesticidal Residue in Rural Potable Water

Determination of pesticide residual levels in strawberry (Fragaria) by near‐infrared spectroscopy

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