Microbe-Sb interactions remain poorly understood and the molecular mechanism of microbe-mediated Sb(V) reduction remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the process and mechanism of Sb(V) bioreduction by Shewanella sp. CNZ-1, which was isolated from the sediment of the Bohai Strait, in the absence or presence of sulfate/sulfite/thiosulfate. Results demonstrate that Sb(V) could be reduced to Sb(III) (including Sb 2 O 3 and Sb(III)(aq) etc.) by CNZ-1 cells. Kinetic studies are carried out using the Langmuir-Freundlich dual model and Monod model and the results reveal that Sb removal by strain CNZ-1 is a fast bioadsorption (K LF , 1/n and a are 8.03, 0.0032 and 0.95, respectively; R 2 = 0.98) and slow bioreduction (R 2 = 0.95) process. Moreover, the supplementation of SO 3 2− and S 2 O 3 2− into the reaction system can lead to the formation of Sb 2 S 3 along with the reduction of SO 3 2− and S 2 O 3 2− , while SO 4 2− can't. The precipitates of Sb 2 S 3 and Sb 2 O 3 are further characterized and confirmed by SEM-EDX, XPS and XRD. In addition, global transcriptome assays reveal that genes encoding dehydrogenase, cytochrome, reductase, stress resistance protein, membrane proteins and transporters play key roles during the transformation of SO 3 2− /S 2 O 3 2− by CNZ-1 cells and subsequent RT-qPCR assays show that the genes S.CNZ.1GM004058 and S.CNZ.1GM001069 should account for the reduction of SO 3 2− and S 2 O 3 2− by the CNZ-1 strain, respectively. 1. Introduction Recently, antimony (Sb) has received much attention because of its increasing environmental concerns [1-4]. Sb is the ninth-most mined metal worldwide, and it is used in a diverse array of industries, including the manufacturing of semiconductors, lead acid automobile batteries, printing presses, ammunition, glassware, ceramics and paint pigments [1,5]. The wide use of Sb and Sb-contained compounds has