Rapid Recalibration of Peri-Personal Space; Psychophysical, Electrophysiological, and Neural Network Modeling Evidence

Noel, Jean‐Paul; Bertoni, Tommaso; Terrebonne, Emily; Pellencin, Elisa; Herbelin, Bruno; Cascio, Carissa J.; Blanke, Olaf; Magosso, Elisa; Wallace, Mark T.; Serino, Andrea

doi:10.1101/842690

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(108 reference statements)

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“…Traumatic BPI often leads to severe impairment of tactile threshold detection throughout the affected limb [35]. Moreover, the peripersonal space representation was shown to be body centered [6,17,22], continuously recalibrating upon receiving updated environmental information [59]. By impairing this sensory updating, BPI would blur the predictive mechanisms relating to upcoming tactile events in the space surrounding the hand.…”

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confidence: 99%

Predicting Upcoming Events Occurring in the Space Surrounding the Hand

et al. 2021

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Predicting upcoming sensorimotor events means creating forward estimates of the body and the surrounding world. This ability is a fundamental aspect of skilled motor behavior and requires an accurate and constantly updated representation of the body and the environment. To test whether these prediction mechanisms could be affected by a peripheral injury, we employed an action observation and electroencephalogram (EEG) paradigm to assess the occurrence of prediction markers in anticipation of observed sensorimotor events in healthy and brachial plexus injury (BPI) participants. Nine healthy subjects and six BPI patients watched a series of video clips showing an actor’s hand and a colored ball in an egocentric perspective. The color of the ball indicated whether the hand would grasp it (hand movement), or the ball would roll toward the hand and touch it (ball movement), or no event would occur (no movement). In healthy participants, we expected to find distinct electroencephalographic activation patterns (EEG signatures) specific to the prediction of the occurrence of each of these situations. Cluster analysis from EEG signals recorded from electrodes placed over the sensorimotor cortex of control participants showed that predicting either an upcoming hand movement or the occurrence of a tactile event yielded specific neural signatures. In BPI participants, the EEG signals from the sensorimotor cortex contralateral to the dominant hand in the hand movement condition were different compared to the other conditions. Furthermore, there were no differences between ball movement and no movement conditions in the sensorimotor cortex contralateral to the dominant hand, suggesting that BPI blurred specifically the ability to predict upcoming tactile events for the dominant hand. These results highlight the role of the sensorimotor cortex in creating estimates of both actions and tactile interactions in the space around the body and suggest plastic effects on prediction coding following peripheral sensorimotor loss.

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confidence: 99%

Predicting Upcoming Events Occurring in the Space Surrounding the Hand

et al. 2021

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“…We then fit the accuracy data to a sigmoidal function (Eq. 1) (Noel et al, 2020) If the visual input of another's active gaze has a motion aftereffect in the opposite direction, as predicted in experiment 1, then the central point should be significantly greater than 0. At the group level, we therefore compared the mean central point to 0 using a onesample two-tailed t-test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…We then fit the accuracy data to a sigmoidal function (Eq. 1) (Noel et al, 2020) using the Curve Fitting Toolbox for MATLAB (MathWorks). The unbiased value of 0.5 was used as starting points for the estimations of x c and b in Eq.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A motion aftereffect from viewing other people’s gaze

Randall

Guterstam

2020

Preprint

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SummaryRecent work suggests that our brains may generate subtle, false motion signals streaming from other people to the objects of their attention, aiding social cognition. For instance, brief exposure to static images depicting other people gazing at objects made subjects slower at detecting subsequent motion in the direction of gaze, suggesting that looking at someone else’s gaze caused a directional motion adaptation. Here we confirm, using a more stringent method, that viewing static images of another person gazing in a particular direction, at an object, produced motion aftereffects in the opposite direction. The aftereffect was manifested as a change in perceptual decision threshold for detecting left versus right motion. The effect disappeared when the person was looking away from the object. These findings suggest that the attentive gaze of others is encoded as an implied agent-to-object motion that is sufficiently robust to cause genuine motion aftereffects, though subtle enough to remain subthreshold.

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“…First, we fit the neural network with feedback synaptic weight (parameter , Eq. 4 ) as a free parameter, given that previous reports (Magosso et al, 2010a; Noel et al, 2020a) have postulated that changes in the strength of the synapses connecting unisensory and multisensory areas may account for the plastic resizing of PPS. However, the above possibility would require a very quick update in synaptic strengths, and thus we posited that instead the social context may reshape PPS by directly modulating the gain of the multisensory neuron (parameter r m , Eq.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflexible Updating of the Self-Other Divide During a Social Context in Autism; Psychophysical, Electrophysiological, and Neural Network Modeling Evidence

Noel

Paredes

Terrebonne

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogenous disorder predominantly characterized by social and communicative differences, but increasingly recognized to also alter (multi)sensory function. To face the heterogeneity and ubiquity of ASD, researchers have proposed models of statistical inference operating at the level of computations. Here, we attempt to bridge both across domains, from social to sensory, and levels of description, from behavioral computations to neural ensemble activity to a biologically-plausible artificial neural network, in furthering our understanding of autism. We do so by mapping visuo-tactile peri-personal space (PPS), and examining its electroencephalography (EEG) correlates, in individuals with ASD and neurotypical individuals during both a social and non-social context given that (i) the sensory coding of PPS is well understood, (ii) this space is thought to distinguish between self and other, and (iii) PPS is known to remap during social interactions. In contrast to their neurotypical counterparts, psychophysical and EEG evidence suggested that PPS does not remap in ASD during a social context. To account for this observation, we then employed a neural network model of PPS and demonstrate that PPS remapping may be driven by changes in neural gain operating at the level of multisensory neurons. Critically, under the anomalous excitation-inhibition (E/I) regime of ASD, this gain modulation does not result in PPS resizing. Overall, our findings are in line with recent statistical inference accounts suggesting diminished flexibility in ASD, and further these accounts by demonstrating within an example relevant for social cognition that such inflexibility may be due to E/I imbalances.

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Rapid Recalibration of Peri-Personal Space; Psychophysical, Electrophysiological, and Neural Network Modeling Evidence

Cited by 6 publications

References 64 publications

Predicting Upcoming Events Occurring in the Space Surrounding the Hand

Predicting Upcoming Events Occurring in the Space Surrounding the Hand

A motion aftereffect from viewing other people’s gaze

Inflexible Updating of the Self-Other Divide During a Social Context in Autism; Psychophysical, Electrophysiological, and Neural Network Modeling Evidence

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