Rapid rise of the ESBL and
            <i>mcr-1</i>
            genes in
            <i>Escherichia coli</i>
            of chicken origin in China, 2008–2014

Wu, Congming; Wang, Yingchao; Shi, Xinling; Wang, Shuang; Ren, Hongwei; Shen, Zhangqi; Wang, Yang; Lin, Johnson

doi:10.1038/s41426-018-0033-1

Cited by 111 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The high diversity of the mcr-1-positive E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates detected in the present study corresponds to the results for mcr-positive Enterobacteriaceae isolated from different sources (food, animals, and humans) in other studies (Zurfluh et al, 2016;Luo et al, 2017;Roschanski et al, 2017;Zurfluh et al, 2017;El Garch et al, 2018). However, some studies have described an increased prevalence of E. coli with mcr-1 belonging to ST10 obtained from food animals, food, and humans (Zurfluh et al, 2016;El Garch et al, 2018;Shen et al, 2018;Wu et al, 2018). Similarly, E. coli isolates found here belonging to ST10 (n = 5) and ST744 (n = 5) were most often detected.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The dissemination of mcr genes in gram-negative bacteria isolated from food-producing animals and from food in Asian countries (Kawanishi et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2017;Wu et al, 2018) was confirmed by the detection of E. coli and C. braakii with the mcr-1 gene in two samples of rabbit meat imported from China. The examined rabbit meat samples from Hungary and the Czechia did not contain bacteria with mcr genes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Dissemination and Comparison of Genetic Determinants of mcr-Mediated Colistin Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae via Retailed Raw Meat Products

et al. 2019

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The global food chain may significantly promote the dissemination of bacteria resistant to antibiotics around the world. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and genetic characteristics of Enterobacteriaceae with mcr-mediated colistin (CT) resistance in retail meat of different origins. Bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family carrying the mcr-1 gene were detected in 21% (18/86) of the examined samples, especially in turkey meat and liver originating from EU and non-EU countries (19%) and in rabbit meat imported from China (2%). The examined samples of the meat and liver of chicken and other poultry and of pork and beef were negative for the presence of bacteria carrying the mcr-1 to mcr-5 genes. A huge number of isolates belonging to Escherchia coli (n = 54), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 6), and Citrobacter braakii (n = 1) carrying the mcr-1 gene were obtained. Despite the high heterogeneity of the tested isolates, the mcr-1 gene was localized on only three types of plasmids (IncX4, IncHI2, and IncI2). The most frequent type of plasmid was IncX4, which carried the mcr-1 gene in 77% of E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates from turkey meat and liver samples from the Czechia, Germany, Poland, and Brazil. Our findings indicate highly probable interspecies transfer of IncX4 and IncI2 plasmids within one meat sample. The co-resistance of plasmid-mediated CT resistance encoded by the mcr-1 and ESBL genes was detected in 18% of the isolates. Another noteworthy finding was the fosA3 gene coding for fosfomycin resistance in a multidrug-resistant isolate of E. coli from rabbit meat imported from China. The observed high level of Enterobacteriaceae with plasmids carrying the mcr-1 gene in retail meat reflects the need for Europe-wide monitoring of mcr-mediated CT resistance throughout the whole food chain.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Dissemination and Comparison of Genetic Determinants of mcr-Mediated Colistin Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae via Retailed Raw Meat Products

et al. 2019

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“…The bla TEM were the most prevalent beta-lactamase in this study, which is similar to a study on hospital wastewater in Brazil (85). However, this is in contrast with other findings with bla CTX-M being the most frequent ESBL genes from various samples including in hospital effluent, surface water and WWTPs (34, 39, 86). This result was confirmed by qPCR data performed in another study in the framework of the StARE project which showed the detection of bla TEM genes, where bla SHV and bla CTX-M group 1 were not detected (22).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing faecal coliforms in wastewater treatment plant effluent

Smyth

O’Flaherty

Walsh

et al. 2019

Preprint

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26Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) provide optimal conditions for the maintenance and 27 spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In this 28 work we describe the occurrence of antibiotic resistant faecal coliforms and their mechanisms 29 of antibiotic resistance in the effluent of two urban WWTPs in Ireland. Effluent samples were 30 collected from two WWTPs in Spring and Autumn of 2015 and 2016. The bacterial 31 susceptibility patterns to 13 antibiotics were determined. The phenotypic tests were carried out 32 to identify AmpC or extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers. The presence of ESBL 33 genes were detected by PCR. Plasmids carrying ESBL genes were transformed into 34Escherichia coli DH5α recipient and underwent plasmid replicon typing to identify 35 incompatibility groups. More than 90% of isolated faecal coliforms were resistant to 36 amoxicillin and ampicillin, followed by tetracycline (up to 39.82%), ciprofloxacin (up to 37 31.42%) and trimethoprim (up to 37.61%). Faecal coliforms resistant to colistin and imipenem 38 were detected in all effluent samples. Up to 53.98% of isolated faecal coliforms expressed a 39 multi-drug resistance (MRD) phenotype. AmpC production was confirmed in 5.22% of 40 isolates. The ESBL genes were confirmed for 11.84% of isolates (9.2% of isolates carried 41 blaTEM, 1.4% blaSHV-12, 0.2% blaCTX-M-1 and 1% blaCTX-M-15). Plasmids extracted from 52 ESBL 42 isolates were successfully transformed into recipient E. coli. The detected plasmid 43 incompatibility groups included the IncF group, IncI1, IncHI1/2 and IncA/C. These results 44 provide evidence that treated wastewater is polluted with ARB and MDR faecal coliforms and 45 are sources of ESBL-producing, carbapenem and colistin resistant Enterobacteriaceae. 46 47 48 49 Keywords 50 Antibiotic resistance, multidrug resistance, AmpC, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), 51 plasmids 52 53 54 55 56 3

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“…Even more striking were the extremely high levels of the mobile colistin resistance gene mcr in our E. coli isolates. The ST101 lineage which dominated our isolate collection has been identified as a driving lineage in the emergence of ESBL-Ec, and mcr positive E. coli in the region [36], but we observed the mcr gene across a large number of lineages, a finding which may be of substantial importance. This confirms earlier reports showing that travel exacerbates the global spread of not only ESBL genes but also E. coli strains carrying mobile colistin resistance genes [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Real-time sampling of travelers shows intestinal colonization by multidrug-resistant bacteria to be a dynamic process with multiple transient acquisitions

Kuenzli

Dunn

Dance

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Rapid rise of the ESBL and mcr-1 genes in Escherichia coli of chicken origin in China, 2008–2014

Cited by 111 publications

References 50 publications

Dissemination and Comparison of Genetic Determinants of mcr-Mediated Colistin Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae via Retailed Raw Meat Products

Dissemination and Comparison of Genetic Determinants of mcr-Mediated Colistin Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae via Retailed Raw Meat Products

Antibiotic resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing faecal coliforms in wastewater treatment plant effluent

Real-time sampling of travelers shows intestinal colonization by multidrug-resistant bacteria to be a dynamic process with multiple transient acquisitions

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