Rapid separation method for actinides in emergency air filter samples

Maxwell, Sherrod L.; Culligan, Brian K.; Noyes, Gary W.

doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2010.05.018

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It has been demonstrated that reduced separation times can be achieved using higher flow rates by increasing the applied vacuum without significant loss of analytes. [13,14] To facilitate enhanced removal of interferences, column reservoirs and connector tips in the lid were changed after sample loading and prior to final elution of analytes. Figure 1 shows the sample preparation flowchart for actinides in limestone and marble samples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid method to determine actinides and 89/90Sr in limestone and marble samples

Maxwell

Culligan

Hutchison

et al. 2016

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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A new method for the determination of actinides and radiostrontium in limestone and marble samples has been developed that utilizes a rapid sodium hydroxide fusion to digest the sample. Following rapid pre-concentration steps to remove sample matrix interferences, the actinides and 89/90 Sr are separated using extraction chromatographic resins and measured radiometrically. The advantages of sodium hydroxide fusion versus other fusion techniques will be discussed. This approach has a sample preparation time for limestone and marble samples of\4 h.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid method to determine actinides and 89/90Sr in limestone and marble samples

Maxwell

Culligan

Hutchison

et al. 2016

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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“…Air filter samples were reported within 24 hours of receipt using rapid techniques published previously. [2] The rapid reporting of high quality analytical data arranged through the U.S. Department of Energy Consequence Management Home Team was critical to allow the government of Japan to readily evaluate radiological impacts from the nuclear reactor incident to both personnel and the environment. [3] The recent accident at Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant in March, 2011 reinforces the need to have rapid, efficient analysis capabilities to determine radionuclides not only in environmental samples, but food samples as well.…”

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Rapid fusion method for determination of plutonium isotopes in large rice samples

Maxwell

Culligan

Hutchison

2013

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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Keywords: rapid, separation, plutonium, isotopes, food, rice, emergency AbstractA new rapid fusion method for the determination of plutonium in large rice samples has been developed at the Savannah River National Laboratory (Aiken, SC, USA) that can be used to determine very low levels of plutonium isotopes in rice. The recent accident at Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant in March, 2011 reinforces the need to have rapid, reliable radiochemical analyses for radionuclides in environmental and food samples. Public concern regarding foods, particularly foods such as rice in Japan, highlights the need for analytical techniques that will allow very large sample aliquots of rice to be used for analysis so that very low levels of plutonium isotopes may be detected.The new method to determine plutonium isotopes in large rice samples utilizes a furnace ashing step, a rapid sodium hydroxide fusion method, a lanthanum fluoride matrix removal step, and a column separation process with TEVA Resin™ cartridges. The method can be applied to rice sample aliquots as large as 5 kg. Plutonium isotopes can be determined using alpha spectrometry or inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The method showed high chemical recoveries and effective removal of interferences. The rapid fusion technique is a rugged sample digestion method that 2 ensures that any refractory plutonium particles are effectively digested. The MDA for a 5 kg rice sample using alpha spectrometry is 7E-5 mBq g -1 . The method can easily be adapted for use by ICP-MS to allow detection of plutonium isotopic ratios.

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“…Consultando las hojas técnicas de la resina, el medio adecuado para una mayor retención es 3 -8M HNO3. Además, (Maxwell & Culligan, 2009), y (Maxwell, Culligan, & Noyes, 2010a) emplean nitrato de aluminio para incrementar el rendimiento químico de la separación. El lavado suele hacerse en el mismo medio en el que se encuentra la muestra.…”

Section: Procedimientos En La Literaturaunclassified

“…Por otro lado, en situaciones de emergencia con contaminación por varios radionucleidos resulta conveniente la determinación secuencial de varios de ellos. En particular, algunos autores emplean diferentes resinas en serie para la determinación de estroncio y actínidos (Maxwell, Culligan, & Noyes, 2010a) (Maxwell, Culligan, & Noyes, 2010b) (Martin & Odell, 1998).…”

Section: Procedimientos En La Literaturaunclassified

“…Según la bibliografía consultada, el procedimiento de análisis de radioestroncio en leche tiene una duración de entre 7 y 15 horas, siendo los procedimientos de (Kabai, Hornung, Savkin, Poppitz-Spuhler, & Hiersche, 2011) y (Maxwell & Culligan, 2009) los más rápidos. Por otro lado, la determinación de radioestroncio en filtros de aerosoles se extiende desde las 4 a las 32 horas, siendo el más rápido el procedimiento de (Maxwell, Culligan, & Noyes, 2010a). Finalmente, la cuantificación de radioestroncio en vegetación es más costosa, variando su duración entre 8 y 72 horas.…”

Section: Procedimientos En La Literaturaunclassified

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Desarrollo de procedimientos rápidos de ensayo para la vigilancia radiológica ambiental en situaciones de emergencia.

Muñoz¹

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In the event of possible nuclear or radiological emergencies, governments or international organizations must develop an emergency response preparedness to ensure the protection of workers, public, intervention personnel and environment. In addition, there is growing concern about possible terrorist attacks or malicious acts using radioactive or orphan sources, so a proper emergency management is necessary. In particular, the assessment of environmental contamination should be carried out to establish which areas have been affected and determine the level of contamination in each of the matrices or environmental compartments, such as air, water, soil, food or vegetation. This is the main objective of the emergency environmental radiological surveillance plans. This PhD thesis provides the development of rapid testing procedures to evaluate the contamination produced by a radiological or nuclear emergency in different environmental matrices. Firstly, a study of the methodology of radiological emergencies response has been developed, taking into account, on the one hand, the environmental matrices to be analyzed, and on the other hand, the term source or radionuclides to be determined in an emergency. Specifically, several source terms are studied produced as a consequence of an accident at a nuclear power plant, a malicious act using orphan sources, "dirty bombs" or improvised nuclear devices, and an accident in a radioactive facility in the Valencian Community. From the results of this study, the procedures to be developed in the PhD thesis have been selected.

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Rapid separation method for actinides in emergency air filter samples

Cited by 21 publications

References 9 publications

Rapid method to determine actinides and 89/90Sr in limestone and marble samples

Rapid method to determine actinides and 89/90Sr in limestone and marble samples

Rapid fusion method for determination of plutonium isotopes in large rice samples

Desarrollo de procedimientos rápidos de ensayo para la vigilancia radiológica ambiental en situaciones de emergencia.

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