Rapid subduction of organic matter by maldanid polychaetes on the North Carolina slope

Levin, Lisa A.; Blair, Neal E.; DeMaster, David J.; Plaia, Gayle R.; Fornes, William L.; Martin, Christopher M.; Thomas, Cynthia L.

doi:10.1357/0022240973224337

Cited by 245 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Over extended periods of time these physical and biogeochemical changes reduce habitat complexity (Kaiser et al 2002) and alter community structure by reconfiguring species and functional trait dominance (Kaiser et al 2006;Pusceddu et al 2014;Sciberras et al 2016), causing a shift from sessile emergent species with high biomass to smaller bodied infaunal species . Importantly, such selective forcing may skew trophic structure (Duffy 2003;Wohlgemuth et al 2016) and lead to the loss of species interactions that influence nutrient generation and dynamics (Gilbertson et al 2012); the active redistribution of particles and fluids by infaunal invertebrates, for example, directly contributes to the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of oxic and anoxic zones (Bertics and Ziebis 2009), the availability of organic matter (Levin et al 1997), and the distribution of metabolic electron acceptors (Aller 1982;Fanjul et al 2007) that are important in controlling microbial process rates and benthic-pelagic coupling linked to primary productivity (Lohrer et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediation of macronutrients and carbon by post-disturbance shelf sea sediment communities

et al. 2017

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Benthic communities play a major role in organic matter remineralisation and the mediation of many aspects of shelf sea biogeochemistry. Few studies have considered how changes in community structure associated with different levels of physical disturbance affect sediment macronutrients and carbon following the cessation of disturbance. Here, we investigate how faunal activity (sediment particle reworking and bioirrigation) in communities that have survived contrasting levels of bottom fishing affect sediment organic carbon content and macronutrient concentrations ([NH 4 [NH 4 -N] increases in noncohesive sediments that have experienced a higher frequency of fishing. Further analyses reveal that the way communities are restructured by physical disturbance differs between sediment type and with fishing frequency, but that changes in community structure do little to affect bioturbation and associated levels of organic carbon and nutrient concentrations. Our results suggest that in the presence of physical disturbance, irrespective of sediment type, the mediation of macronutrient and carbon cycling increasingly reflects the decoupling of organism-sediment relations. Indeed, it is the traits of the species that reside at the sediment-water interface, or that occupy deeper parts of the sediment profile, that are disproportionately expressed post-disturbance, that are most important for sustaining biogeochemical functioning.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediation of macronutrients and carbon by post-disturbance shelf sea sediment communities

et al. 2017

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“…Infaunal populations from the continental slope off North Carolina ingested a large fraction of a pulse OC input within few days whereas the remainder was subducted down to > 10 cm sediment depth in association with the burrow excavation activities [Blair et al, 1996;Levin et al, 1997]. Approximately 17% of a pulse OC input to a continental slope site off the west coast of Norway was processed (i.e., fully or partially remineralized) by macrofauna [Witte et al, 2003a;Witte et al, 2003b].…”

Section: Direct Infaunal Metabolization Of Organic Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, the relationship is not simple, as the physiological response of macrofauna to the input of OC is non-linear. Some species partially remineralize OC boosting microbial activities [Witte et al, 2003b], whereas others cause subduction of fresh OC deep into their burrows where OC may be isolated from the abundant aerobes of the WSI [Levin et al, 1997]. Moreover, feeding strategies may affect the magnitude of macrofaunal metabolism as some species (e.g., suspension feeders) may react to the temporal change in OC fluxes whereas others (e.g., deep-deposit feeders) may not.…”

Section: Direct Infaunal Metabolization Of Organic Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeochemical consequences of infaunal activities

Furukawa¹

2005

Coastal and Estuarine Studies

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The public reporting burden for this collection of Information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, Activities of sedimentary infauna have significant consequences on overall sedimentary diagenesis. Infauna directly participate in sedimentary processes by organic matter metabolization coupled to aerobic respiration and metabolite excretion. In addition, they indirectly influence the diagenetic pathways by changing the transport regimes of dissolved and particulate species as well as by modifying microbial habitats. The couplings between infaunal activities and their biogeochemical consequences have been studied in recent years, but many of the results and conclusions remain site-and species-specific due to the diverse and highly interrelated ways in which sedimentary infauna interact with the transport. reaction, and microbial regimes. A generalized understanding of infauna-influenced sedimentary systems will require (It a systematic classification of the infauna-sediment interaction mechanisms Activities of sedimentary infauna have significant consequences on overall sedimentary diagenesis. Infauna directly participate in sedimentary processes by organic matter metabolization coupled to aerobic respiration and metabolite excretion. In addition, they indirectly influence the diagenetic pathways by changing the transport regimes of dissolved and particulate species as well as by modifying microbial habitats. The couplings between infaunal activities and their biogeochemical consequences have been studied in recent years, but many of the results and conclusions remain site-and species-specific due to the diverse and highly interrelated ways in which sedimentary infauna interact with the transport, reaction, and microbial regimes. A generalized understanding of infauna-influenced sedimentary systems will require (1) a systematic classification of the infauna-sediment interaction mechanisms and (2) a comprehensive model framework that incorporates all known effects of infauna-sediment interactions associated with transport, reaction, and microbial regimes.

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“…These habitats may also provide refuges from environmental stressors or predators (Bortolus et al 2002, Palomo et al 2003. The community inhabiting these excavations may also enhance nutrient recycling by drawing organic matter into these systems (Hutchings 1986, Levin et al 1997) and the complex topography of pits, burrows, and excavations may enhance the passive deposition of particles including organic matter (Yager et al 1993).…”

Section: Ecological Effects Of Bioerosion In the Marine Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Erosion of Marine Habitats and Structures by Burrowing Crustaceans

Davidson¹

2000

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Marine bioeroders, borers, and burrowers can have drastic effects to marine habitats and facilities. By physically altering the structure of marine habitats, these organisms may elicit ecosystem-level effects that cascade through the community. While borer damage is typically restricted to a few substratum types, burrowing isopods in the genus Sphaeroma attack a diversity of substrata in tropical and temperate systems. My dissertation examined how boring sphaeromatid isopods affect coastal habitats (saltmarshes, mangroves) and other estuarine substrata as well as marine structures. I used a combination of lab and mensurative field experiments to quantify the effects of boring by isopods and examine how select factors affect the colonization, hence burrowing damage by isopods. I explored these questions primarily using the temperate To examine the small-scale factors that mediate colonization and boring, I conducted a series of binary choice experiments. I found the presence of conspecifics, biofilm, and shade were important factors influencing colonization. These small scale factors likely explain why isopod attack is focused in some substrata. Finally, to examine the boring effects of tropical isopods in mangroves, I examined the associations between burrowing by S. terebrans and mangrove performance and fecundity. I found negative relationships between boring effects and performance and fecundity in two mangrove species in a restored mangrove stand in Taiwan. Together, these studies elucidate the effects of bioerosive isopods on saltmarshes, mangroves, and marine structures. However, the similar mechanisms involved in bioerosion in other boring species suggest that these results can be used to infer similar effects of other borers. In addition, since many species of sphaeromatid isopods have been introduced, this research shows how the effects of a non-native bioeroder can damage marine facilities and degrade and alter marine habitats.Through biological erosion and thus changing the physical structure of a marine habitat these non-native species can have ecosystem-level effects that cascade throughout the local community.iii Acknowledgements

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Rapid subduction of organic matter by maldanid polychaetes on the North Carolina slope

Cited by 245 publications

References 35 publications

Mediation of macronutrients and carbon by post-disturbance shelf sea sediment communities

Mediation of macronutrients and carbon by post-disturbance shelf sea sediment communities

Biogeochemical consequences of infaunal activities

Biological Erosion of Marine Habitats and Structures by Burrowing Crustaceans

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