Rapid synthesis of fatty acid esters for use as potential food flavors

Abstract

Lipase-catalyzed esterification has been performed in hexane to generate novel mixtures of fatty acid esters from specially chosen combinations of fatty acids and alcohols. By varying the alcohol and enzyme compositions in the enzymatic reactions, different ester mixtures were produced, which were further purified and analyzed for ester composition by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Depending on the combination of alcohols and enzymes used, the final ester mixture exhibited significant compositional variation. These mixtures could be manipulated at the synthesis step, thereby enabling a high degree of product control. Such manipulation over enzyme-catalyzed ester synthesis in mixtures may be useful in the preparation of ester flavors for use in the food industry. JAOCS 75, 1109JAOCS 75, -1113JAOCS 75, (1998. KEY WORDS:Flavor ester synthesis, GC-MS analysis, lipasecatalyzed esterification, rapid synthesis and identification, sn-1 and sn-3 milk fatty acids.

Lipase activity in different tissues of four species of fish: rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton), oil sardine (Sardinella longiceps Linnaeus), mullet (Liza subviridis Valenciennes) and Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta Cuvier)

“…The widespread use of enzymes in industrial processes has necessitated the identification of cost‐effective and easily available sources of these enzymes. Lipases (triacylglycerol acylhydrolase; EC 3.1.1.3), which catalyse the hydrolysis of fatty acid ester bonds in triacylglycerols and related components, are widely used in the dairy industry,1 detergents,2 the oleochemical industry,3 the food industry4 and the production of biofuels 5. At present the main source of these enzymes is micro‐organisms.…”

Specificity of papaya lipase in esterification of aliphatic alcohols a comparison with microbial lipases

“…Microbial lipases such as those from Rhizomucor miehei (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7), Penicillium roqueforti, Candida rugosa, Aspergillus niger (8), and C. antarctica lipase B (9,10), to name a few, have been widely used for the preparation of alkyl esters by esterification of short-and long-chain acids with alcohols. Other nonmicrobial sources of lipase used for ester synthesis include plant tissues such as cotyledons and endosperm from germinating seeds and cereals (11)(12)(13)(14).…”