Rapid visualization of plankton abundance and taxonomic composition using the Video Plankton Recorder

Davis, Cabell S.; Gallager, Scott M.; Marra, M.; Stewart, W.K.

doi:10.1016/s0967-0645(96)00051-3

Cited by 122 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Regions of each field that were in focus were automatically extracted, and saved as Tagged Image File Format (tif) images (see Davis et al (1996) for additional details).…”

Section: 23a Measuring the In Situ Orientation Of Krillmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution, patchiness, and behavior of Antarctic zooplankton, assessed using multi-frequency acoustic techniques

Lawson¹

2006

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The physical and biological forces that drive zooplankton distribution and patchiness in an antarctic continental shelf region were examined, with particular emphasis on the Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba. This was accomplished by the application of acoustic, video, and environmental sensors during surveys of the region in and around Marguerite Bay, west of the Antarctic Peninsula, in the falls and winters of 2001 and 2002. An important component of the research involved the development and verification of methods for extracting estimates of ecologically-meaningful quantities from measurements of scattered sound. The distribution of acoustic volume backscattering at the single frequency of 120 kHz was first examined as an index of the overall biomass of zooplankton. Distinct spatial and seasonal patterns were observed that coincided with advective features. Improved parameterization was then achieved for a theoretical model of Antarctic krill target strength, the quantity necessary in scaling measurements of scattered sound to estimates of abundance, through direct measurement of all necessary model parameters for krill sampled in the study region and survey period. Methods were developed for identifying and delineating krill aggregations, allowing the distribution of krill to be distinguished from that of the overall zooplankton community. Additional methods were developed and verified for estimating the length, abundance, and biomass of krill in each acoustically-identified aggregation. These methods were applied to multifrequency acoustic survey data, demonstrating strong seasonal, inter-annual, and spatial variability in the distribution of krill biomass. Highest biomass was consistently associated with regions close to land where temperatures at depth were cool. Finally, the morphology, internal structure, and vertical position of individual krill aggregations were examined. The observed patterns of variability in aggregation characteristics between day and night, regions of high versus low food availability, and in the presence or absence of predators, together reinforced the conclusion that aggregation and diel vertical migration represent strategies to avoid visual predators, while also allowing the krill access to shallowly-distributed food resources. The various findings of this work have important implications to the fields of zooplankton acoustics and Antarctic krill ecology, especially in relation to the interactions of the krill with its predators.

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“…Regions of each field that were in focus were automatically extracted, and saved as Tagged Image File Format (tif) images (see Davis et al (1996) for additional details).…”

Section: 23a Measuring the In Situ Orientation Of Krillmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…images (Davis et al, 1996). These files were then manually sorted to identify images of large krill, defined as individuals larger than the field of view.…”

Section: 22b Video Plankton Recorder Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution, patchiness, and behavior of Antarctic zooplankton, assessed using multi-frequency acoustic techniques

Lawson¹

2006

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“…Previous efforts to image zooplankton have resulted in highresolution images suitable for identifying copepods and invertebrate larvae with sometimes spectacular results (e.g., Video Plankton Recorder [VPR], Davis et al 1992Davis et al , 1996, particularly with respect to resolving the fine spatial and vertical distribution of these organisms (Lough and Broughton 2007). Utilizing digital imaging systems and an off-axis illumination scheme, a parcel of nondisturbed water is imaged, providing a series of images of plankton.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ ichthyoplankton imaging system (ISIIS): system design and preliminary results

Cowen

Guigand

2008

Limnology & Ocean Methods

207

153

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Over the last two decades, there has been an accelerating advancement of acoustic and optical plankton samplers, opening many opportunities for fine-scale studies of plankton distribution. To date, however, the imaging systems have been limited in the volume of water being sampled, thereby restricting their utility to quantifying highly abundant, small zooplankton like copepods, but not relatively rarer, larger ichthyo-and other meso-zooplankton (e.g., larval decapods, salps, pteropods, ctenophores, etc.). Here we describe an imaging system, In situ ichthyoplankton imaging system (ISIIS), that is capable of In situ (i.e., noninvasive) sampling of sufficiently large volumes of water at very high resolution, allowing quantitative measurement of these rare plankton, while at the same time also recording the smaller more abundant taxa. Capitalizing on state-of-theart digital line scan cameras and high-throughput computer data transfer and storage, combined with shadow photographic lighting techniques, we have designed and built a towed system capable of imaging at 68-micron pixel resolution, yet with up to a 20-cm depth of field (with a 14-cm field of view). This system is coupled with various environmental sensors (e.g., CTD, fluorometer), enabling the evaluation of fine-scale, taxon-specific distributions in relation to environmental conditions. Field testing demonstrated high-resolution imagery of plankters, while quantitatively imaging >70 L s -1 continuously for a 78-min trial.

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“…The second difficulty is the quantification of objects, which requires the precise estimation of the volumes imaged per frame. Several systems estimate volumes of acquired images by using software and calculate DOF by the sharpness of the imaged particles [8]. Through-flow chambers allow physical limitation of the volume to the DOF and easily manageable and reproducible illumination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightframe On-sight Key species Investigation (LOKI)

et al. 2009

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Rapid visualization of plankton abundance and taxonomic composition using the Video Plankton Recorder

Cited by 122 publications

References 14 publications

Distribution, patchiness, and behavior of Antarctic zooplankton, assessed using multi-frequency acoustic techniques

Distribution, patchiness, and behavior of Antarctic zooplankton, assessed using multi-frequency acoustic techniques

In situ ichthyoplankton imaging system (ISIIS): system design and preliminary results

Lightframe On-sight Key species Investigation (LOKI)

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