Rare Case of Trichomonal Peritonitis

Zalonis, Crystal; Pillay, Allan; Secor, W. Evan; Humburg, Burth; Aber, Robert C.

doi:10.3201/eid1707.100892

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, P. hominis, which was initially found in the gut of humans (Honigberg et al, 1968), was also identified in the respiratory tract in various clinical studies (Jongwutiwes et al, 2000;Lewis et al, 2003). T. foetus, a species of trichomonad that does not typically infect humans, has been isolated from clinical samples (Duboucher et al, 2006a;Zalonis et al, 2011). In addition, their presence in so many clinical cases suggests that trichomonads may exhibit a form of opportunism and multiply when local conditions are favorable (Maritz et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The prevalence of intestinal trichomonads in Chinese pigs

Gong

et al. 2015

Veterinary Parasitology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The prevalence of intestinal trichomonads in Chinese pigs

Gong

et al. 2015

Veterinary Parasitology

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“…Interestingly, of the four patients diagnosed with human tritrichomoniasis, two were Japanese and one was French, and both cultures are known for their consumption of raw meat. However, the patient in this case did not have a certain history of eating undercooked or raw meat, and also in previous cases, we could not find descriptions about those histories [ 7 , 13 , 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…To date, only three cases of human tritrichomoniasis caused by T . foetus have been reported, and all three appear to have been rare opportunistic infections in immunocompromised or immunosuppressed individuals [ 7 , 13 , 23 ]. It is suspected that two of those cases were caused by the T .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Characterization of a human isolate of <i>Tritrichomonas foetus</i> (cattle/swine genotype) infected by a zoonotic opportunistic infection

Suzuki

Kobayashi

Osuka

et al. 2016

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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Tritrichomonas species flagellates (IMC strain) were isolated from the biliary tract of an individual who had developed cholecystitis as a complication of acquired agammaglobulinemia. Sequence analysis of Tritrichomonas sp. (IMC clone 2 (cl2)) was performed for several genetic regions including the ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 region, the cysteine protease (CP)-1, CP-2 and CP-4 to CP-9 genes, and the cytosolic malate dehydrogenase 1 gene. In addition to comparison of the variable-length DNA repeats in the isolate clone with those in T. foetus (Inui cl2) and the T. mobilensis (U.S.A.: M776 cl2) reference strains, this analysis showed that the Tritrichomonas sp. (IMC cl2) was T. foetus (cattle/swine genotype). Injection of T. foetus (IMC cl2) directly into the livers of CBA mice resulted in liver abscess formation on Day 7. Moreover, inoculation via orogastric intubation caused infection in the cecum on Day 5 in CBA mice co-infected with Entamoeba histolytica (HM-1: IMSS cl6). T. foetus (IMC cl2) was able to grow in YI-S medium for over 20 days, even at 5°C. These results indicate that the T. foetus isolate is able to survive in the feces and edible organ meat of the definitive host for a prolonged period of time, and it is possible that the parasite could infect humans.

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“…Interestingly, neither feline tritrichomonosis nor human tritrichomonosis is characterized with urogenital problems. For example, in cat, T. foetus infections usually lead to diarrhea [ 3 ]; in human cases, cholecystitis [ 4 ], peritonitis [ 5 ], pneumonia [ 6 ], and menigoencypholytis [ 7 ] have been reported to relate T. foetus -like infections. Thus, tritrichomonads are not only a concern for cattle farms but also for public health of animal and human.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case report of pulmonary tritrichomonosis in a pig

Shi

Jiang

et al. 2017

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundTritrichomonads like porcine Tritrichomonas foetus (previously named Tritrichomonas suis), can commensally live in nasal cavity of pigs, but it is rare to cause pulmonary tritrichomonosis.Case presentationA 40-day-old piglet was presented for persistent labor breathing and diagnosed with parasite infections in the lung by analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) under microscope. By taking advantage of next-generation sequencing approach, we found 9611 homologous tags belonging to 50 annotated genes of tritrichomonads by analysis of mRNA of the bronchoalveolar lavage with the parasite infection. Furthermore, RT-PCR and DNA sequencing analysis confirmed the presence of the tritrichomonad.FindingsHere, we report a case of pulmonary tritrichomonosis in a pig. By taking advantage of next-generation sequencing approach, we found 9611 homologous tags belonging to 50 annotated genes of tritrichomonads by analysis of mRNA of the bronchoalveolar lavage with the parasite infections. Furthermore, RT-PCR and DNA sequencing analysis confirmed the presence of the tritrichomonad.ConclusionOur results demonstrate that tritrichomonads like porcine Tritrichomonas foetus can cause lung infections of pigs and reveal that next-generation sequencing is potential to identify rare diseases like pulmonary tritrichomonosis in clinical.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi: 10.1186/s12917-017-1242-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Rare Case of Trichomonal Peritonitis

Cited by 23 publications

References 8 publications

The prevalence of intestinal trichomonads in Chinese pigs

The prevalence of intestinal trichomonads in Chinese pigs

Characterization of a human isolate of <i>Tritrichomonas foetus</i> (cattle/swine genotype) infected by a zoonotic opportunistic infection

A case report of pulmonary tritrichomonosis in a pig

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