Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems are required to communicate reliably at high spectral bands using a large number of antennas, while operating under strict power and cost constraints.In order to meet these constraints, future MIMO receivers are expected to operate with low resolution quantizers, namely, utilize a limited number of bits for representing their observed measurements, inherently distorting the digital representation of the acquired signals. The fact that MIMO receivers use their measurements for some task, such as symbol detection and channel estimation, other than recovering the underlying analog signal, indicates that the distortion induced by bit-constrained quantization can be reduced by designing the acquisition scheme in light of the system task, i.e., by task-based quantization.In this work we survey the theory and design approaches to task-based quantization, presenting modelaware designs as well as data-driven implementations. Then, we show how one can implement a task-based bit-constrained MIMO receiver, presenting approaches ranging from conventional hybrid receiver architectures to structures exploiting the dynamic nature of metasurface antennas. This survey narrows the gap between theoretical task-based quantization and its implementation in practice, providing concrete algorithmic and hardware design principles for realizing task-based MIMO receivers. N. Shlezinger and Y. C. Eldar are with the Faculty of Math and CS, the number of BS antennas grow arbitrarily large [1], [2]. An additional method to increase the network throughput is to explore the millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency range [3], thus overcoming the spectral congestion of traditional wireless bands. Such mmWave communications is particularly suitable for massive MIMO systems: The short wavelengths of mmWave signals allows packing a large number of antenna elements at a small physical size, and the massive number of elements facilitates directed beamforming which is essential at mmWave bands. While the theoretical gains of massive MIMO systems, particularly when combined with mmWave transmission, are clear, implementing such systems in practice under strict cost and power constraints is a challenging task. A major source of this increased cost are the analog-todigital convertor (ADC) components, which allow the analog signals observed by each antenna element to be processed in digital. The power consumption of an ADC is directly related to the signal bandwidth and the number of bits used for digital representation [4], [5]. Consequently, in massive MIMO systems, where the number of antennas and ADCs operating at high frequency bands is large, limiting the number of bits, thus operating under quantization constraints, is crucial to keep cost and power consumption feasible [3].Focusing on uplink communications, i.e., when the BS acts as the receiver, quantization constraints imply that the BS cannot process the channel output directly but rather only an inaccurate distorted digital representation of it. The distor...