Rate of CD4 cell decline and prediction of survival in zidovudi net reated patients

Easterbrook, Philippa; Emami, Javad; Gazzard, Brian

doi:10.1097/00002030-199307000-00009

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Ethiopians turned out to lose their CD4 T cells at least twice as slowly as the Dutch individuals, even when Ethiopian and Dutch individuals with similar CD4 T cell counts were compared. The annual loss in CD4 T cells in individuals in industrialized countries before the widespread use of antiretroviral therapy has been estimated to be cells/L [44,45]. A pos- 6 6 40 ϫ 10 -80 ϫ 10 sible cause for the slower decline in CD4 T cell counts could be the lack of SI/CXCR4-using HIV-1 strains in HIV-1 subtype C (HIV-C)-infected Ethiopians [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low CD4 T Cell Counts before HIV‐1 Seroconversion Do Not Affect Disease Progression in Ethiopian Factory Workers

et al. 2005

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Background. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-uninfected Ethiopians have lower CD4 T cell counts than do other populations in Africa and industrialized countries. We studied whether this unique immunological profile results in shorter survival times in HIV-1-infected Ethiopians.Methods.Data from an open cohort study of 149 HIV-1-infected factory workers in Ethiopia for 1997-2002 were used. To estimate survival times, a continuous-time Markov model was designed on the basis of CD4 T cell counts and World Health Organization clinical staging. By use of a random-effects model, decline in CD4 T cell counts was compared between HIV-1-infected Ethiopian and Dutch individuals.Results. Median survival times were in the range of 9.1-13.7 years, depending on the approach used. This range is similar to that for populations in industrialized countries before the advent of antiretroviral therapy. Ethiopians had a lower annual decline in CD4 T cell counts than did Dutch individuals, which remained when groups with similar CD4 T cell count categories were compared. Moreover, the slower decline in CD4 T cell counts was not due merely to lower HIV-1 RNA loads or an absence of syncytium-inducing/X4 HIV-1 subtype C strains in Ethiopians.Conclusions. Low baseline CD4 T cell counts do not imply shorter survival times in Ethiopians than in other populations, presumably because of a slower decline in CD4 T cell counts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low CD4 T Cell Counts before HIV‐1 Seroconversion Do Not Affect Disease Progression in Ethiopian Factory Workers

et al. 2005

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“…When the study was initiated in mid-1995, just before the introduction of HAART, we anticipated that study participants would experience a loss of between 20 to 80 CD4 ϩ cells during the 12-month data collection period. 24,25 We further anticipated that a proportion of these individuals would develop clinical symptoms that would affect nutritional status. However, the majority of our study participants received HAART and remained asymptomatic over the 1-year study period, possibly masking any treatment effects that might have been seen in an earlier treatment era.…”

Section: January-february 2002mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of standard and immune‐enhancing oral formulas in asymptomatic HIV‐infected persons: a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial

Keithley¹,

Swanson²,

Zeller³

et al. 2002

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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“…How NHL alone affected survival could not be determined in this study. Survival of AIDS patients is closely linked to the degree of immunosuppression at the time of diagnosis (21)(22)(23)(24). It is difficult to estimate accurately the predicted survival of the SAC cohort with NHL, independent of diagnosis of NHL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV‐Related Non‐Hodgkin’s Lymphoma in Calgary

Gill

et al. 1995

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) in a cohort of patients from a distinct geographic region (southern Alberta). The type and location of NHL as well as how it affected the survival of these patients was examined.PATIENTS AND METHODS: The Southern Alberta HIV Clinic in Calgary serves all of southern Alberta, which has an estimated population of one million. The clinic has provided primary care for 1086 patients from January 1983 to August 1995. Data were obtained by reviewing the clinic’s database and patients’ charts.RESULTS: Over a 12-year period, 39 cases of NHL were diagnosed in a group of 1086 HIV-infected patients. Presentation of NHL was at an extranodal site in all but four cases, with the most common sites being the bowel and central nervous system. The mean CD4 count on presentation with NHL was 143.4±37.4×106/L (range 1 to 1219×106/L). Mean survival was 1.25±0.25 years with a range from 0 (diagnosed on autopsy) to 6.45 years. Patients with a CD4 count of less than 200×106/L and/or diagnosed with an AIDS-defining illness before development of NHL had significantly reduced survival (0.85 years versus 2.48 years, P<0.02 and 0.57 years versus 2.09 years, P<0.001, respectively). Patients who presented with NHL involving either nodes alone or central nervous system had significantly decreased survival (0.28 years and 0.29 years, respectively, P<0.05). Patients with NHL involving the gastrointestinal tract had a longer mean survival than those with NHL elsewhere (P<0.05). All but seven cases received therapy for NHL including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery or combined therapy. Fifteen patients (47% of treated) achieved a complete response that led to improved survival (P<0.01). Patients tolerated surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy well and no deaths were due to NHL therapy.CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that development of NHL in HIV is associated with reduced survival, and that survival is predominantly determined by CD4 count and site of involvement at the time of diagnosis of NHL.

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Rate of CD4 cell decline and prediction of survival in zidovudi net reated patients

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Low CD4 T Cell Counts before HIV‐1 Seroconversion Do Not Affect Disease Progression in Ethiopian Factory Workers

Low CD4 T Cell Counts before HIV‐1 Seroconversion Do Not Affect Disease Progression in Ethiopian Factory Workers

Comparison of standard and immune‐enhancing oral formulas in asymptomatic HIV‐infected persons: a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial

HIV‐Related Non‐Hodgkin’s Lymphoma in Calgary

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