Rates of penetration of fixing fluids

Dempster, W. T.

doi:10.1002/aja.1001070105

Cited by 58 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It has been reported that penetration coefficient of 100% ethanol was 1.714 in blood plasma coagulum at room temperature [8] and it was approximately 1.44 in rabbit livers at room temperature (21-25°C) [3]. The difference among our study and these two literature reports may be due to the differences in temperature, tissue types and species.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…For example formalin is toxic, carcinogenic, and a poor preserver of nucleic acids with poor performance in immunohistochemistry for the visualisation of some antigens [11]. Ethanol is a frequently used tissue fixative [2,3]. The combination of ethanol with other fixatives has advantage to preserve the integrity of nucleic acids [2,[4][5][6]12] while improving the visibility of antigens [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been observed that the penetration distance in millimetres (x) of a given fixative depends on the following simple function of the fixation time in hours (t) [3,8,9], i.e. x = K√t.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ethanol is a commonly used fixative and it can be used alone [2,3] or in combination with other fixatives [2,[4][5][6]. Fixation of the inner layers of tissues depends on the ability of the fixative to diffuse into the tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The concentration of ethanol affects its penetration rate in bovine cardiac and hepatic tissues

Dunster-Jones

Steicke

Mackie

et al. 2018

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Introduction. Ethanol is a commonly used fixative. Fixation of the inner layers of the tissue depends on the ability of the fixative to diffuse into the tissue. It is unknown whether the concentration of ethanol affects its penetration into tissues. This study aimed to compare the penetration rates of 50% and 100% ethanol into bovine heart and liver tissues. Materials and methods. The penetration distance and tissue shrinkage or expansion were measured by analysing the digital images of the heart and liver tissues before and after immersion in ethanol at 20°C for 2, 6, 24 or 30 hours. The penetration coefficients were calculated as the slope of the regression line using the linear regression function between the penetration distance and square root of fixation time. Differences in tissue shrinkage or expansion and penetration distance at various time points between the two concentrations of ethanol were analysed using a mixed design ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's post-hoc test. Results. The penetration distance of 100% ethanol was significantly greater in both heart and liver tissues compared with that of 50% ethanol (n = 4, p < 0.05 for both). 100% ethanol shrank immersed liver tissue significantly more than 50% ethanol (p = 0.002), but the shrinkage of the heart tissue caused by two concentrations of ethanol did not significantly differ (p = 0.054). The greater penetration distance of 100% over 50% ethanol remained unchanged after normalising the penetration distance to the individual tissue's shrinkage (n = 4, p < 0.001). The mean penetration coefficient of 100% ethanol was significantly greater than 50% ethanol in the heart tissue (0.906 vs. 0.442, p = 0.003) and in the liver tissue (0.988 vs. 0.622, p = 0.028). Conclusions. It was proven that in two types of tissue that substantially differ in histological structures, 100% ethanol penetrated tissue significantly faster than 50% ethanol.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The concentration of ethanol affects its penetration rate in bovine cardiac and hepatic tissues

Dunster-Jones

Steicke

Mackie

et al. 2018

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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“…Parameter turunan berupa rasio protein terhadap lemak ditentukan untuk (2013), beberapa jenis protein terdegradasi atau terdenaturasi pada suhu ≥ 40°C, namun belum mampu melampaui titik lebur asam lemak (asam stearat, 70°C), sehingga sedikit lemak yang terdegradasi. Dempster (1960) menyatakan bahwa penetrasi 10% asam asetat pada organ eksternal mencapai 5 mm/8 jam pada suhu ruang, namun air hanya mampu meresap ke jaringan 3 mm/10 jam pada suhu yang sama.…”

Section: Rendemen Ekstrak Kolagenunclassified

Characterization of Collagen from Swim Bladder Waste of Yellow-pike (Muraenesox talabon) by Acid and Hydrothermal Extraction

2017

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AbstrakProduksi perikanan tangkap Indonesia mencapai ±6,4 juta ton pada tahun 2014. Jumlah tersebut diperkirakan akan menghasilkan limbah perikanan yang besar, salah satunya gelembung renang yang berpotensi mengandung kolagen, sehingga perlu dikembangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan karakteristik gelembung renang (proporsi dan kandungan kimia) dan karakteristik kolagen (rendemen dan sifat fisikokimia) yang diekstrak dari gelembung renang ikan cunang (Muraenesox talabon). Limbah gelembung renang memiliki proporsi 0,57-0,67% dari bobot tubuh ikan cunang dan 24,74% protein/100 gram basah (setara 93,39% protein/100 gram kering). Limbah tersebut memiliki potensi kolagen yang dicirikan dengan proporsi asam amino glisin, prolin, hidroksiprolin dan alain yang tinggi. Proses ekstraksi asam maupun hidrotermal menghasilkan ekstrak kolagen, teridentifikasi dari spektrum gugus fungsi amida I, amida II dan amida III. Kolagen yang diekstrak dengan proses asam mengandung glisin yang lebih tinggi dari proses hidrotermal, namun sebaliknya proses hidrotermal menghasilkan ekstrak dengan komposisi asam amino prolin, hidroksiprolin dan alanin yang lebih tinggi.Kata kunci: ikan cunang, isolasi, karakteristik fisikokimia, kolagen, gelembung renang Abstract Indonesian capture fisheries production reached ± 6.4 million tons in 2014. This number was predicted resulted a huge fishery waste, one of them was swim bladder that potentially contain collagen, so it needs to be developed. This aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of the swim bladder (proportion and chemical content) and collagen characteristics (yield and physicochemical properties) extracted from the swim bladder cunang (Muraenesox talabon). Swim bladder waste had proportion 0.57 to 0.67% of whole yellow-piked conger body weight and 24.74% protein/100 g wet weight (equivalent to 93.39% of protein/100 gram dry). The waste had a potency of collagen, which is characterized by the high proportion of the amino acids glycine, proline, hydroxyproline and alain. Acid extraction and hydrothermal process resulted collagen extracts, identified from a spectrum of amide I, amide II and amide III functional groups. Collagen extracted with acid process contained a higher glycine than hydrothermal one, but instead hydrothermal process produced extract with a higher proline, hydroxyproline and alanine composition.

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Weight responses of tissue slices and albumin‐gelatin gels during formaldehyde fixation with observations upon the effects of pH

Bernard

Wynn

1964

Anat. Rec.

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Thin slices of rat liver, kidney, and M. rectus femoris and thin, flat pieces of albumin-gelatin gels (which approximated the tissue slices in mass, dimensions and protein content) were immersed in formalin solutions at various concentrations, in some cases with variable amounts of NaCl (0.11-0.25M) added, and in some cases buffered at pH values ranging from 3.5-7.0. The slices were weighed at frequent intervals for the first 20 hours of immersion. Weight changes occurred rapidly. With the exception of the neutral buffered formalin curves, three families of response curves were obtained for the three tissues. With both formalin and formalinsaline solutions weight gain was inversely proportional to the solute concentration, but the formaldehyde particles apparently are not involved osmotically. The total osmotic concentration of formalin solutions, therefore, is not a factor in the swelling or shrinking of tissue slices. The presence of contaminants could be responsible for the effective osmotic concentration observed with these solutions. The weight response of slices is influenced by the pH of the formalin. Although the response of the gel system to any particular solution was quantitatively greater, it was qualitatively the same as the tissue slice response.

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Rates of penetration of fixing fluids

Abstract: Measurements of the rate of penetration of fixing fluids obviously provide an empirical basis for the minimum timing of tissue fixation, and pioneer studies to this end have appeared in a European literature: Tellyesniczky ('lo, '26), Underhill 10 9

Cited by 58 publications

References 25 publications

The concentration of ethanol affects its penetration rate in bovine cardiac and hepatic tissues

The concentration of ethanol affects its penetration rate in bovine cardiac and hepatic tissues

Characterization of Collagen from Swim Bladder Waste of Yellow-pike (Muraenesox talabon) by Acid and Hydrothermal Extraction

Weight responses of tissue slices and albumin‐gelatin gels during formaldehyde fixation with observations upon the effects of pH

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