Rates of processes in magmatic arcs: implications for the timing and nature of pluton emplacement and wall rock deformation

Paterson, Scott R.; Tobisch, Othmar T.

doi:10.1016/0191-8141(92)90087-d

Cited by 178 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…From these considerations, it seems unlikely that either the bulk of S2 fabric formation or the growth of any single porphyroblast occurred on a time-scale much longer than several hundred thousand years. These rates are consistent with other recent estimates; Paterson & Tobisch (1992) concluded that in magmatic arcs, cleavages can form in 200,000-400,000 years, and porphyroblasts in contact aureoles may form in 300-300,000 years.…”

Section: Rates Of Porphyroblast Growth and Cleavage Formation: Constrsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Thermal models consistently suggest that the duration of a thermal anomaly around a cooling stock or pluton is relatively short, of the order of 105-10" years (Paterson & Tobisch, 1992;Karlstrom et al, 1993;Karlstrom & Williams, 1994). The absolute duration would vary somewhat depending on the timing and manner of pluton emplacement.…”

Section: Rates Of Porphyroblast Growth and Cleavage Formation: Constrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sigmoidal inclusion trails, punctuated fabric development, and interactions between metamorphism and deformation

Williams

1994

Journal Metamorphic Geology

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Porphyroblast inclusion fabrics are consistent in style and geometry across three Proterozoic metamorphic field gradients, comprising two pluton-related gradients in central Arizona and one regional gradient in northern New Mexico. Garnet crystals contain curved 'sigmoidal' inclusion trails. In low-grade chlorite schists, these trails can be correlated directly with matrix crenulations of an older schistosity (Sl). The garnet crystals preferentially grew in crenulation hinges, but some late crenulations nucleated on existing garnet porphyroblasts. At higher grade, biotite, staurolite and andalusite porphyroblasts occur in a homogeneous S2 foliation primarily defined by matrix biotite and ilmenite. Biotite porphyroblasts have straight to sigmoidal inclusion trails that also represent the weakly folded S1 schistosity. Staurolite and andalusite contain distinctive inclusion-rich and inclusion-poor domains that represent a relict S2 differentiated crenulation cleavage. Together, the inclusion relationships document the progressive development of the S2 fabric through six stages. Garnet and biotite porphyroblasts contain stage 2 or 3 crenulations; staurolite and andalusite generally contain stage 4 crenulations, and the matrix typically contains a homogeneous stage 6 cleavage. The similarity of inclusion relationships across spatially and temporally distinct metamorphic field gradients of widely differing scales suggests a fundamental link between metamorphism and deformation. Three end-member relationships may be involved: (1) tectonic linkages, where similar P-T-time histories and similar bulk compositions combine to produce similar metamorphic and structural signatures; (2) deformation-controlled linkages, where certain microstructures, particularly crenulation hinges, are favourable environments for the nucleation and/or growth of porphyroblasts; and (3) reaction-controlled linkages, where metamorphic reactions, particularly dehydration reactions, are associated with an increase in the rate of fabric development. A general model is proposed in which (1) garnet and biotite porphyroblasts preferentially grow in stage 2 or 3 crenulation hinges, and (2) chlorite-consuming metamorphic reactions lead to pulses in the rate of fabric evolution. The data suggest that fabric development and porphyroblast growth may have been quite rapid, of the order of several hundreds of thousands of years, in these rocks. These microstructures and processes may be characteristic of low-pressure, first-cycle metamorphic belts.

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Section: Rates Of Porphyroblast Growth and Cleavage Formation: Constrsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Rates Of Porphyroblast Growth and Cleavage Formation: Constrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sigmoidal inclusion trails, punctuated fabric development, and interactions between metamorphism and deformation

Williams

1994

Journal Metamorphic Geology

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“…In particular, the process from intrusion through emplacement to crystallization/solidification of a granitic pluton is a fundamental subject in growth of the continental crust, because 1) the process constrains petrological and geochemical characteristics in the pluton, and 2) the heat released from the magma chamber causes contact metamorphism to occur and likely plays a role in the development of regional low-P/T metamorphic rocks (e.g., Hanson and Barton, 1989;De Yoreo et al, 1991). The knowledge relevant to the intrusion and emplacement process may contribute to understanding of the "space-making" problem (e.g., Paterson and Tobisch, 1992) when a magma chamber forms in the crust. In this study, the process from intrusion of granitic magma through emplacement of magma chamber to crystallization/solidification of granitic pluton have been investigated using Ti-in-zircon thermometry and zircon U-Pb dating collected from the Toki granitic pluton, central Japan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zircon growth in a granitic pluton with specific mechanisms, crystallization temperatures and U–Pb ages: Implication to the ‘spatiotemporal’ formation process of the Toki granite, central Japan

Yuguchi

Iwano²,

Kato

et al. 2016

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

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Zircons collected from a granitic pluton provide evidence of serial growth events with specific mechanisms, crystallization temperatures and U-Pb ages, revealing details of the sequential formation process from intrusion through emplacement to crystallization/solidification. The events have been identified by: 1) the study of the internal structure of zircon using cathodoluminescence, 2) deriving crystallization temperatures using Ti-inzircon thermometry of the internal structure and 3) U-Pb age dating of the internal structure. The magmatic zircons from the Toki granite, central Japan, show two kinds in their internal structure: a low luminescence core (LLC) and oscillatory zonation (OZ). The LLC was produced by interfacial reaction-controlled growth in the granitic magma with cooling from about 910 to 760°C. The formation of OZ occurred by diffusion-controlled growth in a cooling magma chamber from about 850 to 690°C. The U-Pb ages derived from the LLC ranges from 74.7 ± 4.2 to 70.5 ± 1.3 Ma, indicating the incipient intrusion timing of the magma into the shallow crust. The OZ ages distribute from 72.7 ± 0.6 to 70.4 ± 1.7 Ma, which mean the timing from emplacement to crystallization/solidification of the granite pluton. Thus, the serial processes from intrusion through emplacement to crystallization/solidification occurred within a few million years. The old LLC and OZ ages are recognized in the western margins of the Toki granite, implying that the magma forming the western margins was the first to intrude, emplace and crystallize/solidify. The western margins with initial intrusion may accompany the crustal assimilation in order to create sufficient magma reservoir space, which is consistent with larger SrI and ASI values found in the western margins of the granite.

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“…According to thermal modeling proposed by Davidson et al [1992], crystallization of a magmatic sill with a thickness of 1 km within relatively cool host rocks will occur in a time span of thousands of years (<45,000 years). This cooling time is significantly shorter than the time of 700,000 years required for folding and cleavage development assuming a strain rate of 10 À14 s À1 and a minimum shortening of 20%, which represents the lowest value for the development of cleavage in deforming rocks [Paterson and Tobisch, 1992]. This large time difference between the cooling of the granite and strain accumulation could explain the absence of magmatic foliation.…”

Section: Synfolding Emplacement Of Gavorrano Granitementioning

confidence: 94%

“…This large time difference between the cooling of the granite and strain accumulation could explain the absence of magmatic foliation. We note that, when cooling rates approach the strain rate, the most favorable conditions for foliation development in synkinematic intrusions occur [Paterson and Tobisch, 1992].…”

Section: Synfolding Emplacement Of Gavorrano Granitementioning

confidence: 99%

Magma emplacement in a thrust ramp anticline: The Gavorrano Granite (northern Apennines, Italy)

et al. 2005

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[1] Magma emplacement in the upper crust is often associated with crustal extension, whereby space for intrusions is made by dilation along transtensive and strike-slip faults. The lenticular shape of several intrusions indicates that a further mechanism for magma intrusion is laccolith emplacement with roof uplift of the overburden. Additionally, melts exploit rheological discontinuities (e.g., sedimentary layering) during their ascent. We present an emplacement model for intrusion of the shallow level Gavorrano Granite (northern Apennine, Italy), which is located at the core of an open anticline. The shape of the intrusion and structural features of the host rocks are indicative of a synkinematic emplacement in a growing thrust anticline. Space was provided by the opening of dilatation zones at the core of anticline as a consequence of different amounts of translation between hanging wall and footwall units which were separated by evaporitic rocks. These evaporitic units acted as major décollement layers. Analog models provide results in good agreement with the structural setting of the anticline and emphasize the possibility that melts filled the dilatation zone, with the décollement layers further facilitating intrusion.

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Rates of processes in magmatic arcs: implications for the timing and nature of pluton emplacement and wall rock deformation

Cited by 178 publications

References 76 publications

Sigmoidal inclusion trails, punctuated fabric development, and interactions between metamorphism and deformation

Sigmoidal inclusion trails, punctuated fabric development, and interactions between metamorphism and deformation

Zircon growth in a granitic pluton with specific mechanisms, crystallization temperatures and U–Pb ages: Implication to the ‘spatiotemporal’ formation process of the Toki granite, central Japan

Magma emplacement in a thrust ramp anticline: The Gavorrano Granite (northern Apennines, Italy)

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