Ratification vote on taxonomic proposals to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2008)

Carstens, Eric B.; Ball, L A

doi:10.1007/s00705-009-0400-2

Cited by 137 publications

(124 citation statements)

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“…In 2008, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratified 'Human picobirnavirus' as the 'type species' and 'Rabbit picobirnavirus' as a 'designated species' of Picobirnavirus [12,13].…”

Section: Taxonomy and Phylogenymentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Picobirnavirus

2014

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Picobirnavirus (PBV) is a small, non-enveloped, bisegmented double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus of vertebrate hosts. The name 'Picobirnavirus' derives from the prefix 'pico' (latin for 'small') in reference to the small virion size, plus the prefix 'bi' (latin for 'two') and the word 'RNA' to indicate the nature of the viral genome. The serendipitous discovery of PBV dates back to 1988 from Brazil, when human fecal samples collected during the acute gastroenteritis outbreaks were subjected for routine rotavirus surveillance by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and silver straining (S/S). The PAGE gels after silver staining showed a typical 'two RNA band' pattern, and it was identified as Picobirnavirus. Likewise, the feces of wild black-footed pigmy rice rats (Oryzomys nigripes) subjected for PAGE assay by the same research group in Brazil reported the presence of PBV (Pereira et al., J Gen Virol 69:2749-2754. PBVs have been detected in faeces of humans and wide range of animal species with or without diarrhoea, worldwide. The probable role of PBV as either a 'primary diarrhoeal agent' in 'immunocompetent children'; or a 'potential pathogen' in 'immunocompromised individuals' or an 'innocuous virus' in the intestine remains elusive and needs to be investigated despite the numerous reports of the presence of PBV in fecal samples of various species of domestic mammals, wild animals, birds and snakes; our current knowledge of their biology, etiology, pathogenicity or their transmission characteristics remains subtle. This review aims to analyse the veterinary and zoonotic aspects of animal Picobirnavirus infections since its discovery.

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Section: Taxonomy and Phylogenymentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Picobirnavirus

2014

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“…Two RVA vaccines that have been pre-qualified by the WHO, Rotarix (GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Belgium) and RotaTeq (Merck & Co., Inc., USA), have been adopted in national immunization programmes in a number of mostly high and middle-income countries, where their effect on rotavirus-related hospital admissions and deaths has been demonstrated (Patel et al, 2012). These vaccines are being introduced in several low-income countries in Africa and Asia, where their RVAs belong to the family Reoviridae, subfamily Sedoreovirinae, genus Rotavirus (Carstens, 2010). These viruses are found in both humans and animals, and genetic rearrangement between animal and human rotaviral genomes is a common mechanism for generating RVA diversity (Gentsch et al, 2005;Gouvea & Brandtly, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of rotavirus VP7 and VP4 genotypes circulating in Tunisia from 2009 to 2014: Emergence of the genotype G12

Moussa

Fredj

Fodha

et al. 2016

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Group A rotavirus (RVA) represents the most important aetiological agent of diarrhoea in children worldwide. From January 2009 to December 2014, a multi-centre study realized through 11 Tunisian cities was undertaken among children aged <5 years consulting or hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis. A total of 1127 faecal samples were collected. All samples were screened by ELISA for the presence of RVA antigen. RVA-positive samples were further analyzed by PAGE and used for G/P-genotyping by semi-nested multiplex RT-PCR. Globally, 270 specimens (24 %) were RVA-positive, with peaks observed annually between November and March. Nine different electropherotypes could be visualized by PAGE, six with a long profile (173 cases) and two with a short one (seven cases). Mixed profiles were detected in two cases. Among the 267 VP7 genotyped strains, the predominant G-genotype was G1 (39.6 %) followed by G3 (22.2 %), G4 (13 %), G9 (11.5 %), G2 (5.2 %) and G12 (5.2 %). Among the 260 VP4 genotyped strains, P[8] genotype was the predominant (74. 9 %). Uncommon G/Pgenotype combinations, mixed infections and untypeable strains were also detected. This is the first report, in Tunisia, of multiple detection of an emerging human RVA strain, G12 genotype. This study highlighted the need for maintaining active surveillance of emerging strains in Northern Africa.

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“…Viruses in the family Reoviridae have a segmented dsRNA genome enclosed by single-or double-layered icosahedral inner capsid structure (hereafter referred to as the "core"), which is usually coated by an icosahedral T ¼ 13 (2,3) or incomplete T ¼ 13 (4-7) outer capsid layer. The Reoviridae family members are divided into two subfamilies according to the structural organization of their core-the Sedoreovirinae and the Spinareovirinae (8). The cores of viruses in the subfamily Sedoreovirinae, for example the Orbivirus and Rotavirus genera, have a relatively smooth proteinaceous capsid shell composed of 120 copies of capsid shell protein coated by a T ¼ 13 layer (2,3,9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryo-EM structure of a transcribing cypovirus

Yang

Liu

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Double-stranded RNA viruses in the family Reoviridae are capable of transcribing and capping nascent mRNA within an icosahedral viral capsid that remains intact throughout repeated transcription cycles. However, how the highly coordinated mRNA transcription and capping process is facilitated by viral capsid proteins is still unknown. Cypovirus provides a good model system for studying the mRNA transcription and capping mechanism of viruses in the family Reoviridae . Here, we report a full backbone model of a transcribing cypovirus built from a near-atomic-resolution density map by cryoelectron microscopy. Compared with the structure of a nontranscribing cypovirus, the major capsid proteins of transcribing cypovirus undergo a series of conformational changes, giving rise to structural changes in the capsid shell: ( i ) an enlarged capsid chamber, which provides genomic RNA with more flexibility to move within the densely packed capsid, and ( ii ) a widened peripentonal channel in the capsid shell, which we confirmed to be a pathway for nascent mRNA. A rod-like structure attributable to a partially resolved nascent mRNA was observed in this channel. In addition, conformational change in the turret protein results in a relatively open turret at each fivefold axis. A GMP moiety, which is transferred to 5’-diphosphorylated mRNA during the mRNA capping reaction, was identified in the pocket-like guanylyltransferase domain of the turret protein.

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Ratification vote on taxonomic proposals to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2008)

Cited by 137 publications

References 0 publications

Animal Picobirnavirus

Animal Picobirnavirus

Distribution of rotavirus VP7 and VP4 genotypes circulating in Tunisia from 2009 to 2014: Emergence of the genotype G12

Cryo-EM structure of a transcribing cypovirus

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