Rating of smile attractiveness of patients finished to the American Board of Orthodontics standards

Kau, Chung How; Christou, Terpsithea; Xie, Rong Bing; Abou-Saleh, Tayem

doi:10.1007/s00056-020-00228-4

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Rater age was a significant factor for both ACL and LRS smile ratings and postoperative rating changes, with older raters giving lower scores. Other smile attractiveness studies that examined rater age found that it was not a determinant (Martin et al., 2007; Kau et al., 2020). Methodological differences between studies (rater number and age ranges, pre‐ and post‐operative comparison, statistical analyses) may account for the discrepancies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Aesthetic crown lengthening and lip repositioning surgery: Pre‐ and post‐operative assessment of smile attractiveness

Silva

Rezende

Mazuquini

et al. 2021

J Clinic Periodontology

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Aim To assess the effect of aesthetic crown lengthening (ACL) and lip repositioning surgery (LRS) on perception of smile attractiveness. Materials and methods Preoperative and 6‐month postoperative smile photographs of ACL‐ or LRS‐treated patients were evaluated by 100 raters (five gender‐balanced groups of ten per procedure) of diverse background (dental students, general dentists, periodontists and laypersons with and without any aesthetic concerns about their own smile). Smile attractiveness was rated by visual analogue scale (VAS). Multivariate mixed‐effect models were applied to determine the effect of procedure, rater (age, gender and group) and case (gingival display and GD) on smile attractiveness rating. Results Average preoperative and postoperative VAS scores for ACL patients were 3.8 ± 2.0 and 6.2 ± 1.9, respectively. Corresponding LRS patient values were 4.8 ± 2.0 and 6.4 ± 1.9. Treatment, baseline GD and rater age were significant determinants (p < .001) of smile attractiveness for both procedures. Rater gender was not significant. Rater group was significant (p < .032) only for ACL. Procedure (p < .001), baseline VAS (p < .001), change in GD (p ≤ .002) and rater age (p ≤ .017) were significant determinants of smile attractiveness change from preoperative to postoperative. Conclusions ACL and LRS are two periodontal plastic surgery procedures that deliver significant smile attractiveness improvements, in the eyes of both laypersons and dental professionals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Aesthetic crown lengthening and lip repositioning surgery: Pre‐ and post‐operative assessment of smile attractiveness

Silva

Rezende

Mazuquini

et al. 2021

J Clinic Periodontology

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“…The non-Caucasian health professionals were more critical when assessing smile attractiveness according to their best and worst smile ratings (most attractive: 7.59 ± 1.45; least attractive: 3.11 ± 1.47) when compared with the Caucasian health professionals (most attractive: 8.46 ± 1.59; least attractive: 3.42 ± 1.83) who evaluated the same set of 68 pictures. 29 This observation was a direct comparison of the maximum and minimum scores without performing a statistical evaluation. Thus, whether the difference in the clinical assessment of smile attractiveness was statistically significant between non-Caucasian and Caucasian health professionals remains to be determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present and previously published studies also highlighted the lack of congruence in view of a perfect smile was not unique to any particular community but a common dilemma faced by both Caucasian and non-Caucasian health professionals. 29 The predictors of smile attractiveness in descending order of influence were the gums (1.82; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.92, 1.73), the teeth (1.56; 95% CI: 1.66, 1.47), and the lips (1.47; 95% CI: 1.56, 1.37). These results suggest that the role of the gums such as plaque-induced iatrogenic gingival hyperplasia associated with fixed orthodontic appliances or naturally occurring excessive gingival show associated with vertical maxillary excess and/or high lip line on smiling could affect the perceived quality of smile attractiveness more so than the teeth and the lips.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Smile Attractiveness Evaluation of Patients Selected for a U.S.-Based Board Certification Examination

Soh¹,

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Eur J Dent

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Objectives The aims of the study were to assess smile attractiveness of a collection of 68 smiling photographs of successfully treated cases submitted to the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) clinical examination and identify variables that influence the assessment. Materials and Methods A panel of 81 non-Caucasian assessors from various clinical disciplines were instructed to score the smile attractiveness on a visual analog scale from 1 (least attractive) to 10 (most attractive) and to select which components contributed to a lesser attractive smile. The mean, standard deviations (SDs), and quartiles of the smile attractiveness were obtained with descriptive statistics. Multilinear regression analysis was performed to investigate the scores of the perceived quality of smile attractiveness when the clinical disciplines and gender of the assessors were the factors taken into consideration. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated to establish the relationship between smile attractiveness and the achievement of a perfect smile. Results The mean (SD) rating of each clinical photograph of the anterior occlusion on smiling ranged from 3.11 (1.47) as the least attractive smile to 7.59 (1.45) as the most attractive smile. The overall mean (SD) score for smile attractiveness was 5.30 (1.10). Problems associated with teeth, gingiva, and lips corresponded with a reduction of the smile attractiveness score by 1.56, 1.82, and 1.47, respectively. Gender was not associated with smile attractiveness ratings. Orthodontists, periodontists, and prosthodontists demonstrated no difference in the ratings, while plastic surgeons were more critical than orthodontists regarding smile attractiveness. Conclusions The study suggested that only 2 out of 68 AOB validated treatment finishes had a perfect and attractive smile.

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“…Several authors agree that a consonant smile arc is necessary for smile aesthetics 11,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45] . An optimal smile arc is described as "consonant" and is one where the curvature of the maxillary incisal edges coincides with or parallels the border of the lower lip during a smile.…”

Section: The Perspective Of the Participants On Parameters That Affec...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness and knowledge of smile analysis and smile arc among orthodontists and non – orthodontists

Maliael

Dinesh

Sivakumar

et al. 2022

ijhs

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The aim of this study was to assess and evaluate the awareness and knowledge of smile arc and analysis among orthodontists and non-orthodontists by means of conducting a knowledge, attitude and practices survey. A closed questionnaire of 17 questions was prepared in consultation with experts involved in the training of dentists. Based on a pilot study a response count of 130 was determined to achieve a power of 80. The questionnaire was shred through professional chat forums. A reminder post was shared two weeks after the initial post. The survey was closed four weeks after the reminder post and 145 responses were obtained. Most respondents were non-orthodontists and were young practitioners with experience of less than 5 years. Descriptive statistics showed that most respondents are aware of smile analysis and smile arc but most respondents do not use it in practice for diagnosis and treatment planning. Independent t-test showed that orthodontists are more aware of smile arc and smile analysis and use it more often in clinical practice when compared to non-orthodontists. Most participants are aware of the parameters for to be evaluated for smile analysis and smile arc.

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Rating of smile attractiveness of patients finished to the American Board of Orthodontics standards

Cited by 12 publications

References 36 publications

Aesthetic crown lengthening and lip repositioning surgery: Pre‐ and post‐operative assessment of smile attractiveness

Aesthetic crown lengthening and lip repositioning surgery: Pre‐ and post‐operative assessment of smile attractiveness

Smile Attractiveness Evaluation of Patients Selected for a U.S.-Based Board Certification Examination

Awareness and knowledge of smile analysis and smile arc among orthodontists and non – orthodontists

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