Rational design of phase inversion membranes by tailoring thermodynamics and kinetics of casting solution using polymer additives

Comparison between hydrophilic and hydrophobic metal nanoparticles on the phase separation phenomena during formation of asymmetric polyethersulphone membranes

“…Furthermore, the shift of the binodal curves in PES/metal nanoparticles membranes in the cloud point measurements indicated the membrane development by a more delayed liquid-liquid demixing in comparison with the PES/NMP/water system, resulting in narrower, longer and denser finger-like structures without the presence of macrovoids (as it was shown in Fig. 1) [50]. In addition, some nanoparticles trapped inside the porous sublayer can be seen in the SEM images of the synthesised membranes, especially in membranes with high concentrations of nanoparticles (marked with red arrows) due to the low dispersion of the entrapped nanoparticles at these conditions and their agglomeration in the matrix structure (see Fig.…”

Graphene/PVDF flat-sheet membrane for the treatment of RO brine from coal seam gas produced water by air gap membrane distillation

“…Several membrane design and surface modification techniques have been carried out to enhance the membrane properties such as plasma treatment [11], addition of pore additives (e.g. polyethylene glycol) [12] and incorporation of inorganic nanoparticles such as clay [13], calcium carbonate [14], CuO [15], carbon nanotube [16,17] and activated carbon [18]. The addition of nanoparticles is known to affect the morphology, porosity, pore size and mechanical properties of the membrane, and provides additional diffusion pathway.…”

Investigating the Usability of Alkali Lignin as an Additive in Polysulfone Ultrafiltration Membranes

“…In essence, the contact angle and water uptake provide indications of the hydrophilicity of a membrane. A membrane with high water content and low contact angle is considered hydrophilic (Sadrzadeh and Bhattacharjee 2013). In general (Fig.…”