Rational molecular design of anion exchange membranes functionalized with alicyclic quaternary ammonium cations

Pham, Thanh Huong; Allushi, Andrit; Olsson, Joel; Jannasch, Patric

doi:10.1039/d0py01291b

Cited by 60 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…28,133,134 Several aryl ether-free quaternized polymers were developed to improve polymer backbone stability. 21,[135][136][137][138] For the cationic functional group, the most common BTMA cation in the early stage of AEM research was replaced with a more alkaline-stable ammonium group that was tethered by electron-donating alkyl spacer chains. [139][140][141] Bulky imidazolium and rotationally restricted piperidinium cationic groups were also suggested as alternative cationic groups for enhanced alkaline stability.…”

Section: Durability-limiting Factor Of Concentrated Koh-fed Aemwesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability of anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers

Motz

Bae

et al. 2021

Energy Environ. Sci.

318

263

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Section: Durability-limiting Factor Of Concentrated Koh-fed Aemwesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability of anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers

Motz

Bae

et al. 2021

Energy Environ. Sci.

318

263

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“…[ 62 ] Although there are a plurality of β‐Hs in some cyclic and spirocyclic QA cations reported recently, [ 63 ] they still exhibit excellent stable alkaline performance due to the strain‐free ring and the geometric constraints of the ring in eliminating and replacing the transition state. [ 64,65 ] Marino and Kreuer [ 66 ] studied the alkaline stability of several model compounds containing different QA cations at 160 °C in 6 mol L −1 NaOH solution (Figure 1b). The results indicated that the QA cations constructed by cyclic amine had the best alkaline stability with a half‐life of up to 110 h, which was 21 times greater than the standard benzyltrimethylammonium cations.…”

Section: Cyclic and Spirocyclic Quaternary Ammonium Cations For Anion Exchange Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in High‐Performance Anion Exchange Membranes Based on the Design of Stable Cations for Alkaline Fuel Cells

Tao

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Technologies

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Solid alkaline fuel cells with anion exchange membranes (AEMs) have drawn wide attention and have become an important focus in the field of renewable energy cells in recent years due to their high electrode activity, potential application of non‐precious metal catalysts, and relatively low requirements for fuel purity. AEM is the central component in solid alkaline fuel cells, and plays the role of conducting ions, blocking fuel crossover and providing catalyst support in fuel cells. Its performance directly affects the efficiency and service life of fuel cells. With some exceptions, the majority of AEMs have relatively low hydroxide conductivity and poor durability, which cannot meet the requirements of practical applications. The past decade has witnessed great progress in AEM designs and stability. Various kinds of AEMs with different cationic structures have been designed, and their properties and application in fuel cells are investigated. This review provides a comparative investigation and summary of highlights from the design of cationic structures for AEMs, including cyclic and spirocyclic quaternary ammonium cations, modified quaternary phosphonium, modified imidazoles, guanidinium, and metal cations. The authors’ perspective on the remaining challenges and directions of AEMs research for future development are also discussed.

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“…Cationic surfactants such as quaternary ammonium salts (QAS), are employed in more speciality-focused application, as e.g. anti-microbials 3 , and more recently in ion-exchange membranes 4,5 . These increasingly demanding appliances require highly stable compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation Kinetics and Solvent Effects of Various Long-Chain Quaternary Ammonium Salts

Kleijwegt

Winkenwerder²,

Baan³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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<div>Surfactants such as quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) have been in increasing demand, for emerging new applications. Recent attempts at process intensification of</div><div>their production, have disclosed the need for a better understanding of QAS thermal stability. This work aims to determine degradation kinetics of various QASs, and the</div><div>associated solvent effects. Degradation kinetics of four methyl carbonate QASs were determined in various</div><div>polar solvents in stainless steel batch autoclaves. <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectrometry was employed for online analysis of the reaction mixtures. The kinetic parameters were then used</div><div>to compare the thermal stability of the four compounds in the polar solvents. Water showed not degradation, and methanol (MeOH) was the solvent that provided the</div><div>second-best stability. Water-MeOH mixtures may provide an overall optimum. More, and longer long-chain substituents increased the degradation rate. Thermogravimetric Analysis was used to obtain the thermal stability in a solid-</div><div>state, i.e. solventless environment. Isoconversional analysis showed that no reliable kinetic parameters could be determined. Nevertheless, the data did allow for a compar-</div><div>ison of the thermal stability of 14 different QASs. Furthermore, the relative instability of the compounds in solid-state demonstrated the challenges of solventless QAS production.</div>

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Rational molecular design of anion exchange membranes functionalized with alicyclic quaternary ammonium cations

Abstract: High alkaline stability is critical for polymeric anion exchange membranes (AEMs) and ionomers to be used in alkaline electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices such as fuel cells, electrolyzer cells...

Cited by 60 publications

References 62 publications

Durability of anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers

Durability of anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers

Progress in High‐Performance Anion Exchange Membranes Based on the Design of Stable Cations for Alkaline Fuel Cells

Degradation Kinetics and Solvent Effects of Various Long-Chain Quaternary Ammonium Salts

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