Rationale, Design, Methodology, and Baseline Data of a Population-Based Study in Rural China: The Handan Eye Study

Liang, Yuan Bo; Friedman, David S.; Wong, Tien Yin; Wang, Feng Hua; Duan, Xiaohui; Xiao, Yang; Zhou, Qiang; Qin, Tao; Zhan, Si Yan; Sun, Lan; Wang, Ning Li; Group, The Handan Eye Study

doi:10.1080/09286580902738159

Cited by 105 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Recently published data from the United States [8] reported a relatively higher prevalence of early AMD in the group >60 years of age than the data from a rural Chinese population (the Handan Eye Study) [7,9] in the same age group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Association of dilated retinal arteriolar caliber with early age-related macular degeneration: the Handan Eye Study

Zhan

Liang

et al. 2011

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Dilated retinal arteriolar caliber is associated with early AMD and soft distinct drusen in this population. We found no significant associations between CRAE and other characteristics of the retina related to AMD or between retinal venal caliber and early AMD. More research is needed to determine whether the difference between these results and those previously published stem from the rural living conditions of the participants or other factors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Association of dilated retinal arteriolar caliber with early age-related macular degeneration: the Handan Eye Study

Zhan

Liang

et al. 2011

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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“…19 Briefly, in 2006 to 2007, a populationbased eye study in adults (30 years and older), the Handan Eye Study (HES), in Handan, Hebei Province of Northern China, was conducted. 18 In that study, 6830 Han people from 13 randomly selected villages in the Yongnian County of Handan were recruited. 18 Six of the 13 villages where all people aged ‡30 years had participated in the HES were selected for the HOMS.…”

Section: Methods Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 In that study, 6830 Han people from 13 randomly selected villages in the Yongnian County of Handan were recruited. 18 Six of the 13 villages where all people aged ‡30 years had participated in the HES were selected for the HOMS. A total of 1238 children from the six villages, along with at least one of their parents who participated in the HES, were eligible for the HOMS.…”

Section: Methods Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,13,17 Hence, given the relatively close genetic backgrounds among people living in the urban and rural areas in the same region, it is useful to compare the generational myopic shift between the two areas. The Handan Offspring Myopia Study (HOMS) was designed to determine the prevalence of myopia among rural children, namely, the offspring of the Handan Eye Study (HES) population, 18 especially with respect to family history. 19 The HOMS also investigated the correlation between childhood and parental myopia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Generational Difference of Refractive Error and Risk Factors in the Handan Offspring Myopia Study

Zhong

Gao

Vasudevan

et al. 2014

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Citation: Lin Z, Gao TY, Vasudevan B, et al. Generational difference of refractive error and risk factors in the Handan Offspring Myopia Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014;55:5711-5717. DOI:10.1167/ iovs.13-13693 PURPOSE. To report the refractive error difference (RED) between parents and their children, and its risk factors, in a rural area of China.METHODS. Children (6-17 years) and their parents (36.2 6 4.1 years) from the Handan Offspring Myopia Study (HOMS) were enrolled. Cycloplegic autorefraction (cyclopentolate 1%, Topcon KR8800) of the children and noncycloplegic autorefraction of their parents were assessed. A detailed vision-based questionnaire was also completed. Refractive error difference was defined as the difference between the parental spherical equivalent (SE) and their children's SE. Generational myopic shift was defined as the estimated RED when a child would be 18 years old according to a prediction model. RESULTS.Three hundred fifty-six pairs of parents and 585 children were enrolled. The RED (median, quartiles) increased from À1.33 (À1.99, À0.98) diopters (D) in children aged 6 to 7 years to 0.81 (À0.16, 2.28) D in children aged 16 to 17 years. The children's SE was predicted to approach the parental SE at 14 years of age. Moreover, the children's estimated myopic shift would be 1.03 D. Multiple linear regression revealed that older children (b ¼ 0.23 D/y, P < 0.0001) and girls (b ¼ 0.24, P ¼ 0.01) tended to have a higher RED.CONCLUSIONS. In this rural Chinese population, the children's refraction was estimated to be similar to the parental refraction at 14 years of age. Moreover, the generational myopic shift was estimated to be approximately 1 D at 18 years of age. These data suggest that the generational difference reflects the increasing prevalence of myopia in the younger generation, which is likely due to changes in environmental exposure.

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“…One 45° macular centered color fundus photograph of each eye was taken from each individual with a nonmydriatic retinal camera (CR-2; Canon, Inc., Tokyo, Japan), without dilation [42] . Retinal vascular caliber was measured by a masked grader, using a computer-based program.…”

Section: Fundus Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular and Cognitive Health Study in Middle-Aged and Elderly Residents of Beijing(CCHS-Beijing): Design and Rationale

Fang

Wang²,

Wang³

et al. 2016

Neuroepidemiology

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The Cardiovascular and Cognitive Health Study (CCHS-Beijing) is a population-based study of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cognitive impairment in adults aged 55 and older in Beijing. The main aims of the study are to investigate the prevalence rates of CVD, asymptomatic atherosclerosis, and cognitive impairment, as well as validate the risk factors related to the onset and development of CVD, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The study was designed to detect the traditional and new risk factors in this age group. Participants were recruited randomly from residential regions in the greater Beijing municipality area based on the average levels of development in Beijing, China in 2012 (based on socioeconomic, demographic, and geographical characteristics). Thorough physical and laboratory examination were performed at baseline (also the cross-sectional survey) to identify the risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, as well as newly defined risk factors like elevated homocysteine, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and urine micro-albumin. Subclinical disease of the cerebral vasculature included atherosclerosis of carotid arteries, intracranial arteries, and retinal vessels. Subclinical cardiac diseases included left ventricular enlargement, arrhythmias, chamber hypertrophy and myocardial ischemia. Blood pressure was documented using the ankle-arm method. In addition, neuropsychological assessments were performed for all subjects aged 65 and above. Baseline evaluation began during the period August 2013 to December 2014. Follow-up examination will occur in 5 years. The initial and recurrent CVD, AD and MCI events will be verified and validated during the follow-up period.

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Rationale, Design, Methodology, and Baseline Data of a Population-Based Study in Rural China: The Handan Eye Study

Abstract: The HES successfully examined over 90% of eligible Han Chinese adults aged 30 and older from a rural region of north China. Results from the HES will provide key information about the prevalence, risk factors, impact, and trends of ocular disease in rural regions of China.

Cited by 105 publications

References 70 publications

Association of dilated retinal arteriolar caliber with early age-related macular degeneration: the Handan Eye Study

Association of dilated retinal arteriolar caliber with early age-related macular degeneration: the Handan Eye Study

Generational Difference of Refractive Error and Risk Factors in the Handan Offspring Myopia Study

Cardiovascular and Cognitive Health Study in Middle-Aged and Elderly Residents of Beijing(CCHS-Beijing): Design and Rationale

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