Ray tracing technique and its verification for the analysis of highly multimode optical waveguides with rough surfaces

Bierhoff, Thomas; Wallrabenstein, A.; Himmler, Andreas; Griese, Elmar; Mrozynski, G.

doi:10.1109/20.952601

Cited by 32 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Here results are presented for geometrical optics and a statistical Monte-Carlo technique that includes multiple scattering processes at various interfaces, as well as isotropic emission and self-absorption of the luminophores 19,20 . Photon transport in the LSC is considered via equations for spectral irradiance/radiance propagation in absorbing media with luminescent downconversion (Supplementary Information).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible concentrator photovoltaics based on microscale silicon solar cells embedded in luminescent waveguides

et al. 2011

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unconventional methods to exploit monocrystalline silicon and other established materials in photovoltaic (PV) systems can create new engineering opportunities, device capabilities and cost structures. Here we show a type of composite luminescent concentrator PV system that embeds large scale, interconnected arrays of microscale silicon solar cells in thin matrix layers doped with luminophores. Photons that strike cells directly generate power in the usual manner; those incident on the matrix launch wavelength-downconverted photons that reflect and waveguide into the sides and bottom surfaces of the cells to increase further their power output, by more than 300% in examples reported here. unlike conventional luminescent photovoltaics, this unusual design can be implemented in ultrathin, mechanically bendable formats. Detailed studies of design considerations and fabrication aspects for such devices, using both experimental and computational approaches, provide quantitative descriptions of the underlying materials science and optics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible concentrator photovoltaics based on microscale silicon solar cells embedded in luminescent waveguides

et al. 2011

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“…Ray tracing is a powerful tool for simulating light propagation in highly-multimoded structures such as the components under study [18]- [20]. Three different launch conditions are used in the simulations in order to study the optical transmission characteristics under different types of optical excitation: (i) an overfilled launch, (ii) a 50 m MMF input launch and (iii) a butt-coupled VCSEL input launch.…”

Section: Bend Design and Simulation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact Multimode Polymer Waveguide Bends for Board-Level Optical Interconnects

Bamiedakis

Penty

White

2013

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Multimode polymer waveguides are promising for use in board-level optical interconnects. In recent years, various on-board optical interconnection architectures have been demonstrated making use of passive routing waveguide components. In particular, 90 bends have played important roles in complex waveguide layouts enabling interconnection between non co-linear points on a board. Due to the dimensions and index step of the waveguides typically used in on-board optical interconnects, low-loss bends are typically limited to a radius of 10 mm. This paper therefore presents the design and fabrication of compact low-loss waveguide bends with reduced radii of curvature, offering significant reductions in the required areas for on-board optical circuits. The proposed design relies on the exposure of the bend section to the air, achieving tighter light confinement along the bend and reduced bending losses. Simulation studies carried out with ray tracing tools and experimental results from polymer samples fabricated on FR4 are presented. Low bending losses are achieved from the air-exposed bends up to 4 mm of radius of curvature, while an improvement of 14 m in the 1 dB alignment tolerances at the input of these devices (fibre to waveguide coupling) is also obtained. Finally, the air-exposed bends are employed in an optical bus structure, offering reductions in insertion loss of up to 3.8 dB. Index Terms-Board-level optical interconnects, multimode waveguide bends, polymer waveguides.

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“…A physical optics picture of the diffuse reflector scattering is not included because of its high complexity. Instead, a statistical Monte Carlo technique [13], similar to the approach discussed in [9,10], is used. The number of individual rays necessary for satisfactory convergence of the Monte Carlo method depends on the concentrator geometry and material properties; it is found empirically that about 10,000 rays provide <1% accuracy for the solar concentrator structures considered in this paper.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, we analyze the performance of waveguiding solar concentrators for thin Si microcell arrays using a simplified geometrical optics approach and the coupled power theory [8][9][10], and we provide recommendations regarding geometrical parameters that maximize the solar light absorption in Si microcells. The indirect gain of the concentrator depends on the widths of the microcells relative to the period of the microcell array (microcell fill factor) and the substrate layer thickness relative to the microcell width (a=W).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory for optimal design of waveguiding light concentrators in photovoltaic microcell arrays

et al. 2011

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Efficiency of ultrathin flexible solar photovoltaic silicon microcell arrays can be significantly improved using nonimaging solar concentrators. A fluorophore is introduced to match the solar spectrum and the low-reflectivity wavelength range of Si, reduce the escape losses, and allow the nontracking operation. In this paper we optimize our solar concentrators using a luminescent/nonluminescent photon transport model. Key modeling results are compared quantitatively to experiments and are in good agreement with the latter. Our solar concentrator performance is not limited by the dye self-absorption. Bending deformations of the flexible solar collectors do not result in their indirect gain degradation compared to flat solar concentrators with the same projected area.

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Ray tracing technique and its verification for the analysis of highly multimode optical waveguides with rough surfaces

Cited by 32 publications

References 2 publications

Flexible concentrator photovoltaics based on microscale silicon solar cells embedded in luminescent waveguides

Flexible concentrator photovoltaics based on microscale silicon solar cells embedded in luminescent waveguides

Compact Multimode Polymer Waveguide Bends for Board-Level Optical Interconnects

Theory for optimal design of waveguiding light concentrators in photovoltaic microcell arrays

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