Re-emergence of tularemia in Turkey

Akalın, Halis; Helvacı, Safiye; Gedikoğlu, Suna

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2008.09.020

Cited by 95 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In Spain, in Castilla y Leon, two outbreak periods occurred at a 10-year interval (1997 and 2007); one isolated event happened in 1998 in Castilla la Mancha [11]. In Turkey, outbreaks occurred in the northern half of the country in 2005 [25], but during subsequent outbreaks in 2010-2012, the affected zone expanded to the more central parts of the country [12].…”

Section: Clinical Presentationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, tularemia has been found in areas not previously known to be affected; for example, in a hare in Thuringia in Germany 2006 [8] and in humans in Kosovo during 1999-2000 [31]. Re-emergence has occurred in humans in several regions of Turkey after decades during which there had been no outbreaks of the disease [25,96].There have been outbreaks of tularemia in humans in areas where the disease had previously been rare, both in Sweden in 2000 [77] and in Germany in 2004 [41]. In some locations, there was evidence that the peaks of infection coincided in humans and in wild animals (e.g.…”

Section: Surveillance Of Wildlife and Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The status of tularemia in Europe in a one-health context: a review

et al. 2014

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SUMMARYThe bacterium Francisella tularensis causes the vector-borne zoonotic disease tularemia, and may infect a wide range of hosts including invertebrates, mammals and birds. Transmission to humans occurs through contact with infected animals or contaminated environments, or through arthropod vectors. Tularemia has a broad geographical distribution, and there is evidence which suggests local emergence or re-emergence of this disease in Europe. This review was developed to provide an update on the geographical distribution of F. tularensis in humans, wildlife, domestic animals and vector species, to identify potential public health hazards, and to characterize the epidemiology of tularemia in Europe. Information was collated on cases in humans, domestic animals and wildlife, and on reports of detection of the bacterium in arthropod vectors, from 38 European countries for the period 1992-2012. Multiple international databases on human and animal health were consulted, as well as published reports in the literature. Tularemia is a disease of complex epidemiology that is challenging to understand and therefore to control. Many aspects of this disease remain poorly understood. Better understanding is needed of the epidemiological role of animal hosts, potential vectors, mechanisms of maintenance in the different ecosystems, and routes of transmission of the disease.

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Section: Clinical Presentationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Surveillance Of Wildlife and Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

The status of tularemia in Europe in a one-health context: a review

et al. 2014

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“…Afrika ülkeleri, Avustralya, İngiltere ve Güney Amerika ülkelerinde tularemiye nispeten daha az rastlanmaktadır. Türkiye'de en sık görülen bulaşma yolu kontamine olmuş kaynak sularının içilmesidir (3)(4)(5).…”

Section: İrdelemeunclassified

“…Hastalık ülkemiz gibi bulaşmanın suyla ilişkilendirildiği yerlerde en sık ilkbahar ve kış ayların-da görülmektedir (2)(3)(4)(5).…”

Section: İrdelemeunclassified

Delayed Diagnosis of Ulceroglandular Tularemia: A Case Report

Aktepe¹,

Sönmezer²,

Yarimoglu³

et al. 2017

Klimik Dergisi

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A 66-year-old woman was admitted to our clinic with fever and swelling in her neck. She was unresponsive to empiric antibiotic treatment with cefuroxime axetil given for upper respiratory tract infection in a different center. She reported a tick bite on her neck one week before development of symptoms. On physical examination, there was an ulcerative nodular lesion on posterior cervical region together with regional lymphadenopathy. A positive titer of 1/160 was detected by Francisella tularensis microagglutination test. Ulceroglandular form of tularemia was diagnosed and oral doxycycline 2×100 mg was started. She was discharged with cure after a treatment of two weeks. As this case exemplified, tularemia forms other than oropharyngeal form which is most prevalent in Turkey can be encountered among patients with fever and lymphadenopathy in endemic areas. Klimik Dergisi 2017; 30(2): 83-6.

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“…F. tularensis subsp. holarctica is responsible for mild forms of human infections and is mostly observed in waterborne outbreaks [3,4]. According to the type of bacteria and point of entry, the disease is observed in six different clinical forms, namely ulceroglandular, glandular, oculoglandular, oropharyngeal, pneumonic, and typhoidal (septicemic) tularemia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oropharyngeal tularemia cases admitted to a military hospital in Ankara, Turkey

Karakaş

Çoşkun

Artuk

et al. 2014

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: This study aimed to review the possible sources of infection of 16 oropharyngeal tularemia hospital cases, and to document their epidemiological and demographical characteristics, laboratory findings, treatment methods, and treatment results. Methodology: Sixteen cases from a Turkish military hospital between January 2011 and December 2012 were retrospectively evaluated. The age, sex, occupation, place of residence, symptoms, duration of symptoms, laboratory results, treatment and duration, and treatment results were recorded. Tularemia was diagnosed through tularemia-specific tests once the other conditions that may have caused lymphadenopathy were excluded. Results: Twelve of the patients included in this study were males. The average age of the patients was 32.1±17.2 years. Sore throat, fatigue, and fever were the most frequent symptoms. The mean duration of symptoms was 21.6±6.9 days. All the patients had been treated for tonsillopharyngitis in primary healthcare institutions previously. However, despite the treatment, cervical lymphadenopathy had developed in these cases. Patients were given streptomycin, doxycycline, and ciprofloxacin monotherapy or in combination. Ten of the cases fully recovered, while five required surgical lymph node drainage. Spontaneous drainage occurred in the single remaining case. Conclusions: Turkey is considered to be an endemic country with regards to tularemia. Prompt diagnosis and proper treatment of the disease is imperative in providing cure. Since it can be potentially confused with tuberculous lymphadenitis, differential diagnosis is vital. Patients presenting with a condition of tonsillopharyngitis in endemic areas must be carefully monitored.

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Re-emergence of tularemia in Turkey

Cited by 95 publications

References 26 publications

The status of tularemia in Europe in a one-health context: a review

The status of tularemia in Europe in a one-health context: a review

Delayed Diagnosis of Ulceroglandular Tularemia: A Case Report

Oropharyngeal tularemia cases admitted to a military hospital in Ankara, Turkey

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