Reaction-induced microphase separation in thermosetting blends of epoxy resin with poly(methyl methacrylate)-block-polystyrene block copolymers: Effect of topologies of block copolymers on morphological structures

Fan, Wenchun; Zheng, Sixun

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2008.05.010

Cited by 82 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Therefore, a part of segments from thermoset‐philic block were separated from the initial mixture with epoxy. The similar phenomenon was also found in the formation of nanostructures via reaction‐induced microphase separation approach . Because of the demixing behavior, some epoxy‐philic segments were enriched around the newly created microdomains.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Toughening of epoxy thermosets with polystyrene‐block‐polybutadiene‐block‐ polystyrene triblock copolymer via formation of nanostructures

Ding

Zhao

Mei

et al. 2019

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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In this contribution, we reported to utilize polystyrene‐block‐polybutadiene‐block‐polystyrene (PS‐b‐PB‐b‐PS), a commercial triblock copolymer to toughen epoxy thermosets. First, a PS‐b‐PB‐b‐PS triblock copolymer was chemically modified with hydroboration‐oxidation reaction, with which the midblock was hydroxylated whereas the endblocks remained unaffected. It was found that the degree of hydroxylation was well controlled. One of the hydroxylated PS‐b‐PB‐b‐PS samples was then used as the macromolecular initiator to synthesize a poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐grafted PS‐b‐PB‐b‐PS via the ring‐opening polymerization. It was found that the PS‐b‐PB‐b‐PS with poly(ε‐caprolactone) grafts can be successfully employed to nanostructure epoxy thermosets; the “core‐shell” microdomains composed of PB and PS were generated in the nanostructured thermosets. The nanostructured thermosets displayed improved fracture toughness. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:2387–2396, 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Toughening of epoxy thermosets with polystyrene‐block‐polybutadiene‐block‐ polystyrene triblock copolymer via formation of nanostructures

Ding

Zhao

Mei

et al. 2019

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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“…Following this approach, Bates and many coworkers have extensively dealt with epoxy‐philic poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and other polar block based copolymers. Several other groups, including Zheng and coworkers, have also developed a reaction‐induced microphase separation approach, where a linear or star‐shaped block copolymer containing a block that is initially miscible with the epoxy precursor, generally displaying an upper critical solution temperature (USCT), microphase separates during curing leading to various microstructures, for instance, a “raspberry‐like” and “onion‐like” morphologies . Correlatively, Leibler and coworkers used reactive block copolymers to finely tune and control the morphology of nanostructured thermoset materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering superior toughness in commercially viable block copolymer modified epoxy resin

Heinzer

Francis

et al. 2015

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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The microstructure and mechanical properties of a block copolymer modified commercial thermoset plastic formed from a bisphenol‐A based epoxy and a bio‐derived amine hardener (Cardolite® NC‐541LV) were investigated. A series of poly(ethylene oxide)‐b‐poly(butylene oxide) (PEO‐PBO) diblock copolymers was synthesized at fixed composition (31 ± 1% by volume PEO) and varying molecular weight expanding on a commercially available PEO‐PBO compound marketed by the Dow Chemical Company under the trade name FORTEGRA™ 100; direct application of any of these block copolymers resulted in little improvement of the poor fracture toughness of the cured material. Modification of the resin formulation and curing protocol led to the development of well‐defined spherical and branched worm‐like micelles containing a PBO core and PEO corona in the cross‐linked products as evidenced by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) measurements. Maximum fracture toughness (K1c) and a ninefold increase in the critical strain energy release rate (G1c) over the unmodified neat epoxy was achieved at 5 wt % loading of intermediate molecular weight PEO‐PBO, without measureable reductions in modulus, glass transition temperature or transparency. This study provides new strategies for engineering improved performance in thermoset materials using block copolymer additives that exhibit challenging mixing thermodynamic characteristics with the component monomers. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016, 54, 189–204

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“…Nowadays, many research studies on the formation of ordered nanostructures in epoxy thermosets containing diblock and triblock copolymers can be found in the literature 1–6. Interesting properties are expected in the case of composite materials based on matrices nanostructured with block copolymers containing well‐dispersed nanoparticles, especially carbon nanotubes (CNT) 7–11.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured thermosetting epoxy systems modified with poly(isoprene‐b‐methyl metacrylate) diblock copolymer and polyisoprene‐grafted carbon nanotubes

Espósito

Ramos

Mondragón

et al. 2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Nanostructured thermosetting composites based on an epoxy matrix modified with poly(isoprene‐b‐methyl methacrylate) (PI‐b‐PMMA) block copolymer were prepared through PI block segregation. Morphological structures were examined by means of atomic microscopy force microscopy. As epoxy/pristine multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) systems were found to present big agglomerations, with a very poor dispersion of the nanofiller, epoxy/PI‐b‐PMMA/MWCNT systems were prepared by using polyisoprene‐grafted carbon nanotubes (PI‐g‐CNT) to enhance compatibility with the matrix and improve dispersion. It was found that the functionalization of MWCNT with grafted polyisoprene was not enough to totally disperse them into the epoxy matrix but an improvement of the dispersion of carbon nanotubes was achieved by nanostructuring epoxy matrix with PI‐b‐PMMA when compared with epoxy/MWCNT composites without nanostructuring. Nevertheless, some agglomerates were still present and the complete dispersion or confinement of nanotubes into desired domains was not achieved. Thermomechanical properties slightly increase with PI‐g‐CNT content for nanostructured samples, whereas for nonnanostructured epoxy/PI‐g‐CNT composites they appeared almost constant and even decreased for the highest nanofiller amount due to the presence of agglomerates. Compression properties slightly decreased with block copolymer content, while remained almost constant with nanofiller amount. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013

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Reaction-induced microphase separation in thermosetting blends of epoxy resin with poly(methyl methacrylate)-block-polystyrene block copolymers: Effect of topologies of block copolymers on morphological structures

Cited by 82 publications

References 48 publications

Toughening of epoxy thermosets with polystyrene‐block‐polybutadiene‐block‐ polystyrene triblock copolymer via formation of nanostructures

Toughening of epoxy thermosets with polystyrene‐block‐polybutadiene‐block‐ polystyrene triblock copolymer via formation of nanostructures

Engineering superior toughness in commercially viable block copolymer modified epoxy resin

Nanostructured thermosetting epoxy systems modified with poly(isoprene‐b‐methyl metacrylate) diblock copolymer and polyisoprene‐grafted carbon nanotubes

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