Toughening of epoxy thermosets with polystyrene‐<i>block</i>‐polybutadiene‐<i>block</i>‐ polystyrene triblock copolymer via formation of nanostructures

Ding, Hao; Zhao, Bingjie; Mei, Honggang; Li, Lei; Zheng, Sixun

doi:10.1002/pen.25252

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The formation of a nanostructure follows self‐assembly 13,14 or reaction‐induced microphase separation, 15,16 which are quite contingent on the miscibility of block copolymers with the epoxy matrix after and before curing reactions. More importantly, these nanostructured thermosets displayed enhanced fracture toughness 17,18 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toughness improvement of epoxy thermosets with cellulose nanocrystals

Qin

Mei

et al. 2021

Polymer International

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We report the toughness improvement of epoxy thermosets by the use of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Pristine CNCs were functionalized via surface‐initiated reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer/macromolecular design via interchange of xanthates (RAFT/MADIX) polymerization. The pristine CNCs were first surface‐treated with 4‐cyano‐4‐(isopropoxycarbonothioylthio)pentanoic chloride and then poly(N‐vinylpyrrolidone)‐grafted CNCs (CNC‐PVPy) were synthesized with the xanthate‐functionalized CNCs as chain transfer agent. Notably, the as‐obtained CNC‐PVPy can be dispersed into epoxy thermosets in the form of single fibrous nano‐objects, i.e. the nanocomposites of epoxy with CNCs were successfully obtained. The uniform dispersion of CNCs in epoxy matrix is attributable to the compatibilizing effect of PVPy chains. The introduction of CNCs markedly improved the toughness of epoxy thermosets. When the mass fraction of CNC‐PVPy was 30 wt%, the nanocomposites displayed the maximum critical stress intensity factor (K1C) and critical fracture energy (G1C) of 1.76 MN m−3/2 and 0.66 kJ m−2, respectively. The toughening of epoxy thermosets is mainly attributed to the plastic deformation of epoxy matrix, which is initiated from CNCs. © 2021 Society of Industrial Chemistry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toughness improvement of epoxy thermosets with cellulose nanocrystals

Qin

Mei

et al. 2021

Polymer International

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“…SIS contains four segments: styrene, 1,2-isoprene, 3,4-isoprene, and cis / trans -1,4-isoprene . Containing both aromatic hard chain segment and aliphatic soft chain segment, SBS/SIS is a kind of important thermoplastic elastomer. − SBS/SIS can be used as impact modifier of polyolefin resin, sole material, and adhesive, but its most important application is as modifier of asphalt. However, there are two kinds of unsaturated structures in SBS/SIS: benzene rings and double bonds.…”

Section: Catalytic Hydrogenation Of Unsaturated Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Catalytic Hydrogenation and Properties of Unsaturated Polymers

Yan

Cao

2023

Macromolecules

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Polymer reaction and performance improvement are one of the important contents in the field of polymer materials science and engineering, in which polymer catalytic hydrogenation is an important part of polymer reaction. We reviewed the research achievements on polymer hydrogenation over the past 70 years and studied the mechanism of the hydrogenation reaction from the aspects of performance changes before and after polymer hydrogenation, the catalyst preparation/structure−activity relationship, and polymer hydrogenation kinetics. We pointed out the difficulty in separation and unsatisfactory high-temperature adaptability of traditional homogeneous catalysts and first proposed four effects affecting traditional heterogeneous polymer hydrogenation: scale effect, conformation effect, viscosity effect, and adhesion effect. Based on the structure−activity relationship of polymers, we put forward the application direction of hydrogenated polymers at present. We found that using a new kind of nanometal catalyst (Pd/CNTs@FN) as hydrogenation catalyst can effectively reduce or eliminate the negative effects of these four effects on the polymer hydrogenation reaction, and it is easy to separate from the reaction system. The addition of CNTs can effectively increase the specific surface area of the catalyst and strengthen the interaction between reactants and catalyst. Subsequent research should focus on designing the multiscale structure and improving low-temperature activity of the catalyst, reducing process cost, and using green and efficient separation methods to eliminate adverse effects, create a green and efficient polymer reaction system, accelerate the industrialization of polymer hydrogenation process, and provide theoretical guidance for the research and development of new polymer materials.

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“…However, the addition of these tougheners often decreases the storage modulus and glass transition temperature (Tg). Among the many toughening studies related to epoxy resin, research on nanodomain toughening agents in multi-BCPs has attracted the most attention [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. Owing to their long-range ordered nanostructures, BCPs can generate dispersed nanodomains in epoxy resin, which can improve toughness while maintaining Tg and the storage modulus [37][38][39][40][41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Block Copolymer Terminal Groups on Toughening Epoxy-Based Composites: Microstructures and Toughening Mechanisms

Li,

Wu,

et al. 2023

Micromachines

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Despite the considerable research attention paid to block copolymer (BCP)-toughened epoxy resins, the effects of their terminal groups on their phase structure are not thoroughly understood. This study fills this gap by closely examining the effects of amino and carboxyl groups on the fracture toughness of epoxy resins at different temperatures. Through the combination of scanning electron microscopy and digital image correlation (DIC), it was found that the amino-terminated BCP was capable of forming a stress-distributing network in pure epoxy resin, resulting in better toughening effects at room temperature. In a 60 wt.% silica-filled epoxy composite system, the addition of a carboxyl-terminated BCP showed little toughening effect due to the weaker filler/matrix interface caused by the random dispersion of the microphase of BCPs and distributed silica. The fracture toughness of the epoxy system at high temperatures was not affected by the terminal groups, regardless of the addition of silica. Their dynamic mechanical properties and thermal expansion coefficients are also reported in this article.

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Toughening of epoxy thermosets with polystyrene‐block‐polybutadiene‐block‐ polystyrene triblock copolymer via formation of nanostructures

Cited by 7 publications

References 59 publications

Toughness improvement of epoxy thermosets with cellulose nanocrystals

Toughness improvement of epoxy thermosets with cellulose nanocrystals

Advances in the Catalytic Hydrogenation and Properties of Unsaturated Polymers

Effects of Block Copolymer Terminal Groups on Toughening Epoxy-Based Composites: Microstructures and Toughening Mechanisms

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