Reaction kinetics and mechanism between histidine and carbon dioxide

Efficient CO2 Sequestration by a Solid–Gas Reaction Enabled by Mechanochemistry: The Case of l-Lysine

“…In the literature, two mechanisms were mainly proposed to describe the solution-based reactions between alkylamines and alkanolamines with CO 2 : the termolecular mechanism and zwitterion mechanism. − The latter mechanism is commonly used to explain the CO 2 reaction with amino acids. ,, In this proposed reaction pathway (Scheme ), the carbamate formation is explained by the nucleophilic attack of the nitrogen on the electrophilic carbon of the carbon dioxide molecule, forming a zwitterion (Scheme , eq 1). Second, another amino-functionalized molecule acts as a weak base for the formation of an ammonium carbamate ion pair (Scheme , eq 2).…”

“…[52][53][54] The latter mechanism is commonly used to explain CO2 reaction with amino acids. 20,22,23 In this proposed reaction pathway In solution-based reactions, it has been reported that carbamic acids of amines and lysine peptide are selectively generated in polar aprotic solvents. 44,20 For our experiments, using LAG conditions of solvents such as DMSO and DCM led only to the formation of ammonium carbamates of L-lysine as indicated by 13 C NMR spectra ( Figure S6).…”

“…[11][12][13][14][15][16][17] While the predominant processes capturing CO2 rely on the use of toxic alkanolamines as chemical sorbents, some research groups have studied the reactivity of CO2 with amino groups of innocuous -amino acids and derivatives to form carbamates. [18][19][20][21][22][23] Of note, vast majority of these reactions are performed in a liquid phase, mostly using water as a solvent. Using a solvent is the standard approach to homogenize reaction mixtures and to facilitate agitation by traditional stirring systems, yet lowering the theoretical maximum speed of reactions by moving the reactants away from each other.…”

“…This reactivity has been utilized at the industrial scale to capture CO 2 issuing from fossil fuel-burning power plants. − Unfortunately, these processes are limited by their cost due to the energy needed at the CO 2 regeneration step, equipment corrosion, volatility, and stability of the amines, along with environmental issues. − While the predominant processes for capturing CO 2 rely on the use of toxic alkanolamines as chemical sorbents, some research groups have studied the reactivity of CO 2 with amino groups of innocuous α-amino acids and their derivatives to form carbamates. − Of note, the vast majority of these reactions are performed in a liquid phase, mostly using water as a solvent. Using a solvent is the standard approach to homogenize reaction mixtures and to facilitate agitation by traditional stirring systems, yet this lowers the theoretical maximum speed of reactions by moving the reactants away from each other.…”

The use of monoethanolamine and potassium glycinate solvents for CO 2 delivery to microalgae through a polymeric membrane system

“…MEA is the most widely used chemical solvent for CO 2 capture due to its rapid reaction rate and low cost [20]. Amino acid salts have also been used in commercial capture operations within the Siemens POSTCAP and the BASF Puratreat and Alkazid formulations; and have attracted research interest due to their fast reaction rate, high cyclic loading capacity, low volatility and degradation stability [3,[21][22][23][24][25].…”