Concise construction of furan and thiophene units has played an important role in the synthesis of potentially bioactive compounds and functional materials. Herein, an efficient Lewis acid ZnCl 2 catalyzed [4+1] annulation of alkylthio-substituted enaminones is reported, that is, a-oxo ketene N,S-acetals with sulfur ylides to afford 2-acyl-3-aminofuran derivatives. In a similar fashion, [4+1] annulation of the corresponding enaminothiones, that is, a-thioxo ketene N,S-acetals, with sulfur ylides efficiently proceeded to give multisubstituted 3-aminothiophenes. This method features wide substrate scopes as well as broad functional group tolerance, offering a concise route to highly functionalized furans and thiophenes.Supporting information and the ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under: https://doi.