Reactions of Mountain Lions to Logging and Human Activity

Dyke, Fred G. Van; Brocke, Rainer H.; Shaw, Harley G.; Ackerman, Bruce B.; Hemker, Thomas P.; Lindzey, Frederick G.

doi:10.2307/3801496

Cited by 104 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Several studies on road effects have used road density as an indicator for species presence or persistence and they have reported a significant range of critical values for different species (Van Dyke et al 1986;Mech 1989;Minor and Urban 2010). However, in the present study we focus on habitat type richness, not species presence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Road effects on habitat richness of the Greek Natura 2000 network

Votsi¹,

Mazaris²,

Kallimanis³

et al. 2012

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The road network has both positive and negative ecological effects, and understanding these helps identify environmentally preferable solutions for transportation policy and planning. We investigated the relationship between road density and habitat type richness of Greek protected areas. We used digital vector maps of 214 sites included in the Greek Natura 2000 network. We calculated road density for the terrestrial part of each site and correlated it with habitat type richness. Average road density of protected areas (0.377 km/ km 2 ) was significantly lower than the national road density of Greece (0.446 km/km 2 ). We identified 32 sites that were not intersected by roads. These roadless sites were located at mountain tops, at islets, or in remote coastal zones. Overall we found no significant correlation between road density and habitat type richness. We suggest that the effect of road networks on habitat type richness is less apparent at landscapes with long history of human presence, because the landscape (and its habitat diversity) has coevolved with human activities over the past millennia. Our analysis provides a step towards quantifying the effect of road density on the diversity of habitats and consequently on species of conservation interest in international networks of protected areas such as the European Natura 2000 network.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Road effects on habitat richness of the Greek Natura 2000 network

Votsi¹,

Mazaris²,

Kallimanis³

et al. 2012

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“…Although natural predation on moose calves in the study area has not been intensively researched, potential predators occurring there include: black bear Ursus americanus and cougar Felis concolor. Amstrup and Beecham (1976) reported that in summer, black bear activity peaks were crepuscular and diurnal; van Dyke et at. (1986) reported that cougars were most active at night.…”

Section: Moose Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest cover selection and activity of cow moose in summer

Demarchi¹,

Bunnell²

1995

Acta Theriol.

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Mike W. Demarchi and Fred L. Bunnell 1995. Forest cover selection and activity of cow moose in summer. Acta Theriologica 40: 23-36.Although thermal cover receives attention from managers, variations in data regarding its use by ungulates hinders development of effective cover guidelines. We examined patterns of habitat selection and activity of radio-collared cow moose Alces alces Linnaeus, 1758 to determine if these 2 parameters were influenced by ambient thermal environment. Cow moose used sites with relatively denser forest canopies when conditions of heat stress existed in open areas. Use of open areas did not change with ambient temperature; some sites classed as open on forest cover maps, however, had willow canopies capable of providing thermal cover. An increase in the use of open sites from 11.00 to 24.00 hr corresponded to a simultaneous decrease in the likelihood of thermal stress in such areas; predator-avoidance was deemed unlikely to explain observed behaviour. Moose decreased activity and distance traveled between successive locations during hot periods. Summer thermal cover is a selected, manageable component of moose habitat in southern British

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“…Probably the most accepted and widely applied are those accounting for short-term, fine-scale impacts (e.g., road kill numbers and locations), especially impacts on water resources and fish habitat (e.g., sediment and pollutant concentrations, aquatic species presence and diversity) (Angermeier et al 2004). Measures of indicators accounting for long-term, broad-scale road-related impacts are increasingly applied in regional conservation planning using geographic information systems (GIS), habitat-suitability models, and other decision-support tools (Girvetz and Shilling 2003;van der Grift et al 2004;Jaeger et al 2005b).…”

Section: Measures Of Road Influencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Landscape-scale ecological models are data-intensive and critics argue that relevant results require detailed region-specific field research to validate the parameters used. The use of models in multi-species analyses is often considered impractical and expensive (van der Grift et al 2004), especially when costs associated with long-term road maintenance and mitigation are not considered. Land-use decisions that attempt to incorporate moreecologically-sensitive transportation planning and mitigation can be politically unpopular, particularly if they are viewed as competing with resource development interests and impinging on freedoms of the travelling public (Noss 1995;Angermeier et al 2004;Perz et al 2007).…”

Section: Challenges To Mitigating Forest Road Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A conceptual framework for understanding, assessing, and mitigating ecological effects of forest roads

2010

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A review of road-ecology literature suggests that impacts of forest roads on species and ecosystems begin during the road construction phase, but persist and accumulate well after a road is no longer in use. Over this time, impacts stemming originally from construction, but then also from the continued physical presence and human use of the road, follow complex multiple pathways ending in diminished species persistence. Yet in practice, road-impact considerations rarely extend beyond short-term issues related to road construction or beyond the spatial extent of the road corridor. Even when the range of potential impacts is recognized, managers rarely have a framework for assessing those impacts. This can be problematic, as informed decisions regarding the long-term, wide-ranging ecological consequences of road placement, design, and use can lessen the degree to which a road modifies the composition, structure, and function of forest ecosystems. This paper presents a conceptual framework for organizing, synthesizing, and applying our growing understanding of how roads affect forest ecosystems. The framework includes two parts: (1) a series of impact-hypothesis diagrams wherein ecological impacts are organized relevant to three phases of road existence: construction, presence and use; and (2) a five-step approach whereby ecological impact and road importance can be evaluated and a decision matrix used to determine appropriate mitigation strategies. Highlights of a case study conducted in southwestern Nova Scotia are presented to illustrate the applicability of the framework.Résumé : Une revue sur l'écologie des routes suggère que les impacts des chemins forestiers sur les espèces et les écosys-tèmes commencent au cours de leur construction, mais persistent et s'accumulent bien longtemps après que la route cesse d'être utilisée. Avec le temps, les impacts issus originalement de sa construction et par après de sa présence physique accompagnée de l'activité humaine suivent des cheminements complexes et multiples conduisant à une diminution de la persistance des espèces. Tout de même, en pratique, les considérations sur les impacts des routes s'étendent rarement au-delà des problématiques à court terme reliées à la construction de la route et à l'espace environnant le corridor routier. Même lorsque l'on reconnaît les impacts potentiels, les aménagistes disposent rarement d'un cadre de référence pour évaluer ces impacts. Ceci peut causer des problèmes, puisque des décisions bien informées portant sur le long terme, les conséquences sur de grandes étendues de la localisation des routes, de leur conception et de leur utilisation, peuvent amoindrir le degré selon lequel une route modifie la composition, la structure et le fonctionnement des écosystèmes forestiers. Le cadre de travail comporte deux parties: (1) une série de diagrammes d'hypothèses d'impacts selon lesquels on organise les impacts écologiques selon les trois phases d'existence de la route: construction, présence et utilisation; et (2) une approche en cinq éta...

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Reactions of Mountain Lions to Logging and Human Activity

Cited by 104 publications

References 11 publications

Road effects on habitat richness of the Greek Natura 2000 network

Road effects on habitat richness of the Greek Natura 2000 network

Forest cover selection and activity of cow moose in summer

A conceptual framework for understanding, assessing, and mitigating ecological effects of forest roads

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