Reactivation of herpes zoster after vaccination with an inactivated vaccine: A case report from Nepal

Abstract

A severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV2), also known as coronavirus disease 2019 , is an ongoing pandemic. Although COVID-19 is primarily a lung disease, it has been linked to several cutaneous symptoms in COVID-19 patients. 1 The reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which causes herpes zoster, is a noteworthy discovery (HZ). 1 HZ was the first sign of COVID-19 infection in several patients. Vaccination initiatives against COVID-19 have been carried over since December 2020. Pain at the injection site, fever, nausea, myalgia, and exhaustion are among the most commonly reported side effects. 2 HZ was noted in patients after vaccination with tozinameran, Pfizer-BNT162b2 mRNA, Moderna mRNA-1273, and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. [3][4][5] However, reactivation of HZ has not been reported so far. Here, we describe a rare side effect, that is, HZ eruptions in 51-year-old male patient after vaccination with Sinopharm (Vero cell). | CASE PRESENTATIONA 51-year-old male patient presented to our center with the chief complaints of rashes over the abdomen (T 8 -T 10 dermatome distribution) for five days (Figure 1). The rashes were itchy, and the tender lesions spread along the periumbilical region. He complained of a burning sensation over the lesions. He had no history of fever, limb weakness, or paresthesia. He does not smoke or consume alcohol. He had herpes zoster infection at 3 years of age on trunk, which he recalls as vesicular eruptions which subsided without treatment. He had no history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, previous COVID-19 infection, and pulmonary tuberculosis. He was administered Sinopharm BBIBP-CorV (Vero cell) COVID-19 vaccine five days prior to the cutaneous reaction.On examination of the lesion, the distribution was over dermatome T 8 -T 10 in the right side of back and abdomen. Rashes were maculopapular, vesicular, pustular with crusts, and tender to touch, and spread over an area

Potential risk factors for Varicella‐zoster virus reactivation after COVID‐19 vaccination

“…We analyzed 93 cases of VZV reactivation following the COVID‐19 vaccine reported in literature. 1 , 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 We decided to focus only on cases with enough information to allow for a correct risk assessment, for example, we did not include all the reports where age or sex were not present. There was no significant difference between males and females (44 men vs 49 women), and, in accordance with the previous observations, 3 the majority of the VZV reactivations were secondary to mRNA vaccines (46 following Pfizer's BNT162b2 and 19 following Moderna's mRNA‐1273 vs 18 following Astrazeneca's AZD1222 (ChAdOx1), 2 following Johnson & Johnson's JNJ‐78436735 (Ad26.COV2.S), 1 following Bharat Biotech's BBV152 (Covaxin), 1 following Sinopharm's BBIBP‐CorV vaccine (Vero Cells), and 1 following Sputnik V (Gam‐COVID‐Vac); 5 not specified).…”

A rare case of herpes zoster triggered by a non-live varicella vaccine

“…However, HZ typically occurs in older patients due to declining cell-mediated immunity and in those who are immunocompromised, such as patients on immunosuppressive therapy or those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), diabetes, or cancer [1,2]. Sometimes HZ may be triggered by stressors such as fever, trauma, illness, or vaccination [3].…”

“…Vaccines previously reported as triggers for HZ include inactivated vaccines for influenza, hepatitis A, Japanese encephalitis, rabies, and COVID-19 [3].…”

A medicina voltada à promoção da saúde e do bem-estar 4

“…O trabalho se trata de uma Revisão Narrativa de Literatura acrescida de resultados elaborados a partir de uma revisão de relatos de casos publicados. Fonte: Tabela produzida pelo autor com base nos dados de Aksu, Ozturk, 2021;Ardalan et al, 2021;Atiyat et al, 2021;Buranasakda et al, 2022;Chiu et al, 2021;Dermawan et al, 2022;Eid et al, 2021;Fukuoka et al, 2021;Kerr et al, 2022;Lazzaro et al, 2022;Maranini et al, 2021;Maruki et al, 2021;Medhat et al, 2022;Mehta et al, 2022;Mohta et al, 2021;Muhie et al, 2021;Munasinghe et al, 2022;Ortiz-Egea et al, 2022;Rodríguez-Jiménez et al, 2021;Shah et al, 2021;Song et al, 2021;Thimmanagari et al, 2021;Toscani et al, 2021;van Dam et al, 2021;Vastarella et al, 2021;You et…”