Reactivation of precore mutant hepatitis B virus in chemotherapy-treated patients

Abstract

A kinetic study of free‐radical solution copolymerization of isobutyl methacrylate and lauryl methacrylate in benzene, initiated with 2,2‐azoisobutyronitrile (AIBN) was performed at different monomer feed compositions, at low conversion level. To avoid the complications of copolymerization kinetics, the compositional‐averaged rate constant method was applied to dead‐end polymerization in constant and variable volume polymerization systems. A conditional probability approach, with “maximum likelihood function” (MLF), was used for estimating the kinetic parameters from experimental data. This method provides point estimates as well as joint probability regions. The validity of this method was approved for the statistically justified and best estimation of the rate parameters in copolymerization systems. Statistical analysis indicated that, although copolymer composition is well described by the terminal unit model (TUM), the rate data are not. Like many other systems recently examined, the data were well represented by the implicit penultimate unit effect (IPUE) model of Fukuda and coworkers. It was found that the coupled rate parameter k̄p/k̄ italict0.5 is greater than the TUM predictions, whereas most of the previous systems studied have coupled rate parameters lower than those predicted by the TUM. An interactive computer simulator for parameter estimation was developed, which is run in two modes of estimation and prediction and is capable of receiving input data from both keyboard and databank. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 50: 1260–1272, 2004

Traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of chronic hepatitis B with precore mutant

“…Moreover, researchers have pointed out that the relapse rate was considerably higher among patients with the pre-core mutant than the ones with non-precore mutant after medical operation [11] . Studies also showed that there was close relationship between HBV pre-core mutation and severe hepatitis in those HCC patients involved in HBV infection during the chemo-therapy [12,13] . Among those patients with severe CHB, studies revealed a mutation rate as high as 88.89%, with a relatively higher content of HBV-DNA in serum [14] .…”

Systematic review: lamivudine prophylaxis for chemotherapy‐induced reactivation of chronic hepatitis B virus infection

“…69,94 A limited number of studies also suggest an increased rate of HBV reactivation and mortality associated with development of lamivudine-resistant YMDD mutations during prophylaxis. 69,95 Among the 10 prospective trials, only three included this end point, with two observing no mutants, and only a single study by Hui et al, reporting development of mutant strains with a rate of 4.9%. 75 However, both subjects were found to have YMDD mutants prior to enrolment in the trial and were excluded; though, each had received lamivudine prior to identification of the YMDD mutants.…”

Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) infected by hepatitis B virus (HBV) precore mutant: favorable outcome with slow tapering of immunosuppressive agents

“…There are several reports on the elevation of HBV DNA polymerase activity after the discontinuation of immunosuppressive agents or chemotherapy with or without fluminant hepatitis. 10,11 We cannot explain this phenomenon properly; however, this was probably caused by the same mechanisms as in the reported cases. We cannot determine whether our treatment is optimal; however, this patient has been well and free of disease for 80 months after BMT.…”