Reactive dyes for cellulose. Concurrent methoxide‐hydroxide reactions of triazinyl reactive systems: a model system for assessment of potential fixation efficiency

Renfrew, A H M; Taylor, John A.

doi:10.1111/j.1478-4408.1989.tb01194.x

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…High fixation efficiency will also lead to lower amounts of residual, unfixed dye in dyehouse wastewater, which will serve to reduce environmental loads and lower wastewater treatment costs. Several methods can be used to determine the extent of dye fixation [eg (27)(28)(29)(30)].…”

Section: Dye Hydrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of auxiliaries in the immersion dyeing of textile fibres: Part 6 analysis of conventional models that describe the manner by which inorganic electrolytes promote reactive dye uptake on cellulosic fibres

Burkinshaw

Salihu

2019

Dyes and Pigments

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Section: Dye Hydrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of auxiliaries in the immersion dyeing of textile fibres: Part 6 analysis of conventional models that describe the manner by which inorganic electrolytes promote reactive dye uptake on cellulosic fibres

Burkinshaw

Salihu

2019

Dyes and Pigments

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“…Also, the reactive electrophilic groups, which are commonly used to effect fixation are very selective in their reaction with cellulose; i.e. they display a high propensity to undergo reaction with the cellulose (fixation), in preference to reaction with water, which is always present (hydrolysis) [1,2]. Additionally, the vast majority of reactive dyes used in exhaust dyeing employ at least two reactive groups in order to maximise fixation [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sulphonation level upon the fixation and build up properties of reactive dyes

Biolchi

Kawabata

Taylor³

2006

Coloration Technology

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A number of closely related dyes, each possessing a single β‐sulphatoethyl sulphonyl reactive group and a variable number of sulphonate residues, were prepared and their dyeing behaviour evaluated. As the level of sulphonation of the dyes increased, both fixation efficiency and build up on cotton were reduced. These observations were attributed to increased electrostatic repulsion, between dye and fibre, as the anionicity, or level of sulphonation, of the dyes was increased. In support of this, the build up of a monosulphonated dye with one reactive group, was as good as that of a market leading bireactive disulphonated dye.

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Textile Dyeing

Leube¹,

Rüttiger²,

Kühnel³

et al. 2000

Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry

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The article contains sections titled: 1. History, Economic Importance 1.1. Historical Dyeing Methods 1.2. Economic Importance of Textile Dyeing 2. Dyeing Technology 2.1. General 2.1.1. History 2.1.2. The Field of Dyeing Technology 2.1.3. Fundamental Principles of Dyeing 2.1.3.1. Dyeing Systems 2.1.3.2. Phases of Exhaustion Dyeing 2.1.3.3. Dyeing Phase (Dyeing Kinetics) 2.1.3.4. Equilibrium Phase 2.1.3.5. Dye Fixation, Improvement of Colorfastness 2.1.3.6. Sources of Further Process Data 2.2. Batchwise Dyeing (Bath Dyeing) 2.2.1. Fundamental Principles and Equipment 2.2.2. Theoretical and Technical Fundamental Principles 2.2.3. Circulating Machines (Stationary Goods, Circulating Liquor) 2.2.3.1. Systems and Functions 2.2.3.2. Loose Stock Dyeing Machines 2.2.3.3. Package Dyeing Machines (Cross‐Wound Packages) 2.2.3.4. Hank Dyeing Machines 2.2.3.5. Beam Dyeing 2.2.4. Circulating‐Goods Machines with Textile Storage (Winch Type) 2.2.4.1. System and Functions 2.2.4.2. The Winch Beck 2.2.4.3. Jet Dyeing Machines 2.2.4.4. Overflow Dyeing Machines 2.2.4.5. The Air Jet (“Airflow”) Dyeing Machine 2.2.5. The Dyeing Jigger 2.2.5.1. Normal (Direct) Jig Dyeing 2.2.5.2. Pad Jig Process 2.2.6. Special Bath Dyeing Equipment 2.2.6.1. Star‐Shaped Dyeing Frames 2.2.6.2. Machines for Dyeing Hanks of Yarn 2.2.6.3. Paddle Dyeing Machine 2.2.6.4. Rotary Dyeing Machine 2.2.6.5. Cabinet Dyeing 2.2.6.6. Hosiery Dyeing Machines 2.2.7. Automatic Control of Bath Dyeing 2.2.7.1. Aims 2.2.7.2. Functions of Automatic Control 2.2.7.3. Equipment Requirements 2.3. Continuous and Semicontinuous Dyeing 2.3.1. The Principal Stages of Continuous Dyeing 2.3.1.1. Dye Pickup 2.3.1.2. Intermediate Drying 2.3.1.3. Dye Fixation 2.3.1.4. Aftertreatment of the Dyed Fabric (Finishing) 2.3.2. Dyeing Plants 2.3.3. Continuous Dyeing of Yarn and Fiber 2.3.4. Automatic Operation of Continuous Dyeing Plants 2.3.4.1. Important Process Stages and their Automation 2.3.4.2. Technology of Automation 2.4. Laboratory Dyeing Techniques 2.4.1. Objectives 2.4.2. Laboratory Dyeing 2.4.2.1. Typical Laboratory Equipment 2.4.2.2. Small‐Scale Production Equipment 2.4.3. Laboratory Dyeing Technology 2.5. Techniques of Dispensing Products used in Dyeing 2.5.1. Dispensing of Dyes 2.5.2. Dispensing of Dye Auxiliaries 2.5.3. Dispensing of Chemicals 2.5.4. Preparation of the Initial Liquor Charge and its Replenishment 2.5.4.1. Batch Dyeing 2.5.4.2. Continuous Dyeing 2.6. Colorimetry 2.6.1. Measuring Instruments 2.6.2. Methods of Expressing Colorimetric Results 2.6.3. Developments in Colorimetry 3. Physical Properties of Textiles Important for Dyeing 3.1. Classification of Textile Properties 3.2. Fibers 3.3. Yarns 3.4. Fabrics 3.5. Makeup of Textiles for Dyeing 4. Dyeing of Cellulose Fibers 4.1. Dyeing with Reactive Dyes 4.1.1. Fundamentals 4.1.2. Dyeing Techniques 4.1.3. Special Processes and Development Trends 4.2. Dyeing with Direct Dyes 4.2.1. Applications and Properties 4.2.2. Dyeing Principle 4.2.3. Pretreatment of Substrates 4.2.4. Dyeing Parameters 4.2.5. Dyeing Techniques 4.2.6. Special Processes 4.2.7. Aftertreatment 4.3. Dyeing with Anthraquinone Vat Dyes 4.3.1. Chemistry of Vat Dyes 4.3.2. Vatting 4.3.3. Dye Absorption in the Exhaustion Process 4.3.4.

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Reactive dyes for cellulose. Concurrent methoxide‐hydroxide reactions of triazinyl reactive systems: a model system for assessment of potential fixation efficiency

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

The role of auxiliaries in the immersion dyeing of textile fibres: Part 6 analysis of conventional models that describe the manner by which inorganic electrolytes promote reactive dye uptake on cellulosic fibres

The role of auxiliaries in the immersion dyeing of textile fibres: Part 6 analysis of conventional models that describe the manner by which inorganic electrolytes promote reactive dye uptake on cellulosic fibres

Effect of sulphonation level upon the fixation and build up properties of reactive dyes

Textile Dyeing

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