Reactive Oxygen Species–Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction Triggers Sodium Valproate–Induced Cytotoxicity in Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells

Anirudh, B.V.M.; Ezhilarasan, Devaraj

doi:10.1007/s12029-020-00505-w

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…24,26 The excessive intracellular ROS has been shown to induce cell membrane damage and cytotoxicity in a veriety of cancer cells, including OSCC cells. [33][34][35][36][37][38] Taken together, the cytotoxic effect of sesamol observed in the present study could be due to the induction of intracellular ROS and their interaction with OSCC cells membrane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Sesamol induces cytotoxicity via mitochondrial apoptosis in SCC-25 cells

2021

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Sesamol is the main constituent of sesame seed oil and is obtained from Sesamum indicum. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common neoplasms affecting the oral cavity. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic potentials of sesamol on human oral squamous carcinoma (SCC-25) cells. Human oral squamous carcinoma cells were treated with different concentrations (62.5, 125, and 250 μM/mL) of sesamol for 24 h. Cytotoxicity was analyzed by 3- (4, 5- dimethylthiazol -2- yl) -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression was investigated by dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate assay. Apoptosis-related morphology was analyzed by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining. Caspase-9 expression was analyzed by confocal microscopic double immunofluorescence staining. Mitochondrial apoptosis-related markers are analyzed using qPCR. Sesamol treatment caused a significant cytotoxic effect in OSCC cells. Sesamol-induced cytotoxic effect was associated with intracellular ROS generation. Sesamol treatments induced a significant increase in the early and late apoptotic cells. This treatment also induced caspase-9 expression in OSCC cells. Sesamol treatments caused downregulation of Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (HRAS) expression at protein and gene levels. Sesamol treatment modulates intrinsic apoptotic marker gene expression in OSCC cells. Overall results confirm the anti-cancer potential of sesamol and it seems to be a promising candidate for OSCC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Sesamol induces cytotoxicity via mitochondrial apoptosis in SCC-25 cells

2021

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“…Several mitochondrial proteins were found to activate apoptosis directly [21]. A similar study with the breast cell line of this plant revealed that there is an alteration of genes like AIFMI, BIRC3, CFLAR, CASP9 and CYCS in which AIFMI, a pro apoptotic factor causes nuclear disassembly in apoptotic cells [22]. Another study revealed that Lippia nodiflora produced apoptosis in NCI-H460 cells with the IC-50 seen in less than 30 μg/ml in the preliminary assay.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Evaluation of Anticancer Effect of Lippia nodiflora Leaf Extract on Lung Cancer Cells

Ashritha

Elumalai

Subramanian

et al. 2021

JPRI

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Background: Lung cancer, also known as bronchogenic carcinoma, is a kind of cancer that begins in the lung parenchyma or inside the bronchi. In the United States, it is one of the top causes of cancer-related fatalities. Lippia nodiflora is a flowering, broadleaf plant native to South America. Lippia nodiflora has been used as a natural medicine for a number of disorders due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-tumor characteristics. Aim of the Study: To evaluate the anticancer effect of Lippia nodiflora leaf extract on lung cancer. Materials and methods: The cytotoxic effect of Lippia nodiflora leaf extract was assessed by an MTT assay. The A-549 cells were treated with different concentrations of Lippia nodiflora leaf extract (10-120 μg) for 24h. Analysis of changes in the cell morphology is examined by phase contrast microscope. For the nuclear morphological changes analysis, DAPI staining was used in lung cancer cells. The apoptotic nuclei were viewed under a fluorescent microscope. Results: In our study, Lippia nodiflora leaf extract treated cells showed significant reduction of cell viability in lung cancer cells. 50% of the inhibition was observed in a 20 μg/ml concentration, which has been taken as the inhibitory concentration (IC-50) which was used for further analyses. The pro-apoptotic effect of Lippia nodiflora leaf extract in A549 cell line was determined by DAPI staining under a fluorescence microscope. Lippia nodiflora leaf extract treatment alters the nuclear morphology and condensed nuclei in lung cancer cells at 20μg/ml concentration. Conclusion: Overall, it can be concluded that Lippia nodiflora presents anticancer activity at 20μg/ml concentration at 24 hrs againstthe lung cancer cell line. However, further research is warrented to find out the molecular mechanism of cytotoxicity of effect this plant extract against lung cancer.

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“…In recent years cancer research has made remarkable improvements in our basic understanding and technique of cancer studies and cancer biology. Conventional anti-cancer therapies with standard chemotherapeutic agents have various adverse effects [5]. It includes nausea, vomiting, metallic taste, hair loss, etc [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic Effect of Lippia nodiflora Leaf Extract against the Prostate Cancer Cell Line

Sharmila

Elumalai

Subramanian

et al. 2021

JPRI

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Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer deaths for men. Lippia. Nodiflora (L. nodiflora) has been used as a natural remedy for various diseases, because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-tumor effect. This study was to investigate the cytotoxic effect of L. nodiflora ethanolic leaf extract in prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3). The growth inhibitory effect of L. nodiflora ethanolic leaf extract was assessed by MTT assay. The cell morphological changes in L. nodiflora leaf extract-treated cells were observed using an inverted phase-contrast microscope. Apoptosis induction by L. nodiflora was determined by AO/EtBr (acridine orange and ethidium bromide) dual staining. MTT test results showed dose-dependent cell growth inhibition in PC-3 cells treated with L. nodiflora leaf extract (10-120 µg/mL). The IC-50 dose was observed at 40µg/ml. Morphological changes such as reduction in the number of cells, cell shrinkage, and cytoplasmic membrane blebbing were observed in the treated cells. Induction of apoptosis by L. nodiflora (40µg/ml) treated cells showed an increased number of early apoptotic and late apoptotic cells. The above data indicate that L. nodiflora inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. Therefore, it can be concluded that L. nodiflora exhibits anti-cancer activity, and thus it raises new hope for its use in anti-cancer therapy.

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Reactive Oxygen Species–Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction Triggers Sodium Valproate–Induced Cytotoxicity in Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells

Cited by 14 publications

References 45 publications

Sesamol induces cytotoxicity via mitochondrial apoptosis in SCC-25 cells

Sesamol induces cytotoxicity via mitochondrial apoptosis in SCC-25 cells

Evaluation of Anticancer Effect of Lippia nodiflora Leaf Extract on Lung Cancer Cells

Cytotoxic Effect of Lippia nodiflora Leaf Extract against the Prostate Cancer Cell Line

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