Reactive oxygen species, thiols and enzymes activable AIEgens from single fluorescence imaging to multifunctional theranostics

Fibroblast Activation Protein-α as a Target in the Bench-to-Bedside Diagnosis and Treatment of Tumors: A Narrative Review

“…Some fluorescently labeled nanomaterials also have a significant role in tumor diagnosis and treatment, particularly those emitting second near-infrared channel (NIR-II) region fluorescence. Fluorescence imaging in the NIR-II region is at the forefront of biomedical research due to its inherent advantages, including relatively lower tissue autofluorescence and higher spatiotemporal resolution (132)(133)(134). Additionally, certain nanomaterials are constructed out of materials that respond to enzyme activity, and consequently, turn on quenched fluorescence under the catalysis of enzymes to obtain clear images (135).…”

Recent progress in small-molecule fluorescent probes for endoplasmic reticulum imaging in biological systems

“…[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] In particular, small-molecule fluorescent probes exhibit some unique merits, including facile synthesis and modification, excellent penetration and targeting ability and satisfactory reproducibility. [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] Consequently, numerous small-molecule fluorescent probes have been explosively fabricated to explore ER as well as its corresponding active species in recent years. However, this interesting and frontier topic has not been reviewed systematically so far.…”

Recent development of near-infrared photoacoustic probes based on small-molecule organic dye

“…[34][35][36][37][38][39][40] Compared with inorganic nanomaterials, small molecules provide a well-defined structure, rapid metabolism, low toxicity, and adjustable spectrum. [41][42][43] Besides, the PA signals of these small-organic molecules could be enhanced through structural modification. 44 Generally speaking, the design principles of PA dyes follows four points.…”