Reactive spark plasma sintering of ZrC and HfC ceramics with fine microstructures

Sun, Shi‐Kuan; Zhang, Guo Jun; Wu, Wen Wen; Liu, Ji Xuan; Suzuki, Tohru; Sakka, Yoshio

doi:10.1016/j.scriptamat.2013.02.017

Cited by 65 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Basic investigations were conducted with regard to sub-stoichiometry or incorporation of oxygen for ZrC (meaning ZrC x O y with x < 1, y  1) powder processing and promotion of ZrC sintering by additives [4,5,9,[15][16][17]. These papers discuss specific effects of ZrC x O y composition in relation to sintering behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressureless sintering of ZrC with variable stoichiometry

2017

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This paper presents the experiments on the synthesis of zirconium carbide (ZrC) using carbothermal reduction of zirconia (ZrO 2 ). The ratio of ZrO 2 :C is used to adapt ZrC x O y with x < 1 or ZrC + C. The modification of ZrC x O y and the total carbon amount allows the use of pressureless sintering method in combination with sintering temperatures ≤ 2000 ℃. Fully densified ZrC products are obtained. The relevant details of ZrC formation are investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The sintered products are characterized by XRD, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), as well as mechanical and electrical methods. XRD and FESEM investigations show that ZrC x O y is formed during the manufacturing process. The grain size and additional zirconia or carbon are related to the ZrO 2 :C ratio of the starting powder mixture. Bending strength up to 300 MPa, Young's modulus up to 400 GPa, fracture toughness up to 4.1 MPa·m 1/2 , and electrical resistance at room temperature around 10 4 Ω·cm are reached by the pressureless sintered ZrC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressureless sintering of ZrC with variable stoichiometry

2017

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“…Reactive spark plasma sintering (R‐SPS) has recently been used for the densification of UHTC because of advantages, such as low sintering temperature and fast heating/cooling rate . The heat which is generated during the reaction promotes densification .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Reactive spark plasma sintering (R-SPS) has recently been used for the densification of UHTC because of advantages, such as low sintering temperature and fast heating/cooling rate. [16][17][18] The heat which is generated during the reaction promotes densification. 19 The densification can be further enhanced through particle size refinement using HEBM, which reduces the onset temperatures of sintering and decreases the temperature for intermediate and final stage sintering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐Temperature Sintering of HfC/SiC Nanocomposites Using HfSi₂‐C Additives

Lee

Yin

2016

J. Am. Ceram. Soc.

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HfC/SiC nanocomposites were fabricated via the reactive spark plasma sintering (R‐SPS) of a nano‐HfC powder and HfSi2‐C sintering additives. The densification temperature decreased to 1750°C as the additive content increased. XRD analysis indicated the formation of pure HfC–(19.3–33.8 vol%) SiC within the sintered composites without residual silicide or oxide phases or secondary nonoxide phases. Ultrafine and homogeneously distributed HfC (470 nm) and SiC (300 nm) grains were obtained in the dense composites using nano‐HfC powder through the high‐energy ball‐milling of the raw powders and R‐SPS. Grain growth was further suppressed by the low‐temperature sintering using R‐SPS. No amorphous phase was identified at the grain boundary. The maximum Vickers hardness, Young's modulus, and fracture toughness values of the HfC/SiC nanocomposites were 22 GPa, 292 GPa, and 2.44 MPa·m1/2, respectively.

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“…The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images in Figure show that the ZrC/C ceramic nanocomposites which were pyrolysed at 2400 °C had a fine microstructure without exaggerated grain growth. The size of the ZrC grains was around 1–2 μm, which was finer than those of the ZrC ceramic regardless of whether spark plasma sintering or the hot‐pressed method (the resulting grain size is over 10 μm when pyrolysed at 1900 °C) was used . Thus, the carbon matrix could still restrain the grain growth at an ultra‐high temperature of 2400 °C.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of soluble and meltable pre‐ceramic polymers for Zr‐containing ceramic nanocomposites

Long

Shao

Wang

et al. 2017

Applied Organom Chemis

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Polymer‐derived methods are one of the most important tools for the synthesis of ceramics with a finely dispersed microstructure. In this study, a soluble and meltable ZrC/C pre‐ceramic polymer, P‐DACZ, (which would later exhibit a high ceramic yield of 71 wt%) was synthesized via radical polymerization. By adding low molecular weight polycarbosilane in any proportion during the radical polymerization process of P‐DACZ, a soluble and meltable ZrC/SiC/C pre‐ceramic precursor, PCS‐DACZ (which would later exhibit a high ceramic yield of >80 wt%) was synthesized. After annealing at 1400 °C under an argon flow, the precursors converted into bulk ZrC/C and ZrC/SiC/C ceramic nanocomposites. The ZrC nanoparticles could resist any grain growth when heat‐treated at temperatures above 1800 °C because the C or SiC matrix prevented long‐range atomic diffusion of zirconium. Such ceramic nanocomposites would be suitable for structural and (multi)functional applications at harsh environments with high temperatures.

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Reactive spark plasma sintering of ZrC and HfC ceramics with fine microstructures

Cited by 65 publications

References 18 publications

Pressureless sintering of ZrC with variable stoichiometry

Pressureless sintering of ZrC with variable stoichiometry

Low‐Temperature Sintering of HfC/SiC Nanocomposites Using HfSi₂‐C Additives

Synthesis of soluble and meltable pre‐ceramic polymers for Zr‐containing ceramic nanocomposites

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Reactive spark plasma sintering of ZrC and HfC ceramics with fine microstructures

Cited by 65 publications

References 18 publications

Pressureless sintering of ZrC with variable stoichiometry

Pressureless sintering of ZrC with variable stoichiometry

Low‐Temperature Sintering of HfC/SiC Nanocomposites Using HfSi2‐C Additives

Synthesis of soluble and meltable pre‐ceramic polymers for Zr‐containing ceramic nanocomposites

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Low‐Temperature Sintering of HfC/SiC Nanocomposites Using HfSi₂‐C Additives