Reactive surfactants in heterophase polymerization: Colloidal properties, film‐water absorption, and surfactant exudation

Abstract

In this article the results obtained with latexes prepared by emulsion polymerization with a conventional surfactant and a polymerizable surfactant (surfmer) are presented. For this study, well‐defined styrene‐butylacrylate latexes with a conventional nonreactive surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate) and a maleate diester surfmer, of which films can be easily cast, were used. The latex with the surfmer was prepared following a surfmer addition strategy to maximize the amount of surfmer bound to the particle surface, and not buried in the particle interior. The latex properties in terms of mechanical stability, film‐water absorption, and film‐surfactant exudation were assessed and compared. The mechanical stability and water‐absorption properties of the latex prepared with surfmer were better than those of the latex with sodium dodecyl sulfate. Additionally, by using a surfmer the surfactant migration to the film‐substrate and film‐air interfaces can be inhibited. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 2994–3000, 2002

Surfactantes reativos não-iônicos em polimerização em emulsão de látices de acetato de vinila - vinil neodecanoato: influência nas propriedades de barreira à água

“…Como forma de Para os casos do látex 6 e 7, estabilizados com Maxemul 5010 e Maxemul 5011 respectivamente, observa-se uma estabilidade eletrolítica, equivalente aos látices estabilizados com surfactantes convencionais de alto grau de etoxilação. Este resultado sugere que em ambos os casos, estes surfactantes reativos estejam preferencialmente ligados a superfície da partícula e não ocluídos no interior da mesma [21] , funcionando desta forma como um estabilizante estérico.…”

Effect of hybrid emulsifier (reactive coupling with anionic) on the properties of acrylic emulsion

“…[6] Surfactants play a very significant role in the emulsion polymerization process. [7] They are very important for the emulsification of monomer droplets, fast nucleation of the latex particles, and stabilization of polymer particles during polymerization and the shelf life of the latex. Besides, emulsifiers can influence the initial reaction velocity and chain-growth reaction velocity, as well as the molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution of products.…”

“…Besides, emulsifiers can influence the initial reaction velocity and chain-growth reaction velocity, as well as the molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution of products. [7,8] In the past work, many conventional emulsifiers (anionic, nonionic, and hybrids), including sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP-10), SDS, and so on, were used in the production of acrylic latexes. [9] However, these conventional emulsifiers adhere to polymer particles in the form of physical absorption, [10] so they have many negative effects in the process of emulsion polymerization and final application.…”

Macromonomers having different molecular weights of polyethylene glycol and end group functionalities in dispersion polymerization of styrene

“…Compared to the conventional surfactants or stabilizers, the utilization of macromonomers is advantageous, since desorption and migration of the macromonomers from the latex is minimized due to their chemical binding with matrices. Therefore, the macromonomer could be employed when prolonged stabilization or preservation of the latex is needed [13].…”