3,5-Dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)carbonyl-and n-butoxycarbonyl-functionalized bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)methide carbonyl tungsten derivatives were unexpectedly formed, together with a bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)acyl carbonyl tungsten complex, upon sequential treatment of bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)methane with n-BuLi, tungsten carbonyl, and iodine. The resulting complexes were fully characterized using IR and NMR spectroscopy, and their structures were unambiguously determined by X-ray crystallography.
■ INTRODUCTIONHeteroscorpionate ligands derived from bis(pyrazol-1-yl)-methane have been used extensively in recent years in coordination and bioinorganic chemistry, as well as being applied to a variety of catalytic transformations. 1 These ligands possess good donor properties and variable coordination modes, which allow them to form strong complexes with a wide variety of main-group and transition metals. Furthermore, the coordination behaviors of these ligands can be readily adjusted by making changes to the electronic and steric characteristics of the substituents on the pyrazolyl rings, as well as by changing the properties of the pendant arms. The deprotonation of the methylene bridge of bis(pyrazol-1-yl)methane 2 and the subsequent reaction of the resulting carbanionic species with various electrophilic reagents have been successfully exploited to synthesize these heteroscorpionate ligands. 3 The results of our previous study showed that the modification of bis(pyrazol-1-yl)methane with organometallic functional groups on the methine carbon resulted in unusual types of reactivity. 4 For example, the reaction of the tungsten carbonyl derivatives of trialkylstannylbis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)methane with iodine resulted in the formation of novel bis(pyrazol-1-yl)acyl complexes. 4a This result implied that pyrazolyl-based ligands could potentially be used to stabilize metal−acyl complexes, which are considered to be important active intermediates in many catalytic carbonylation processes. 5 The development of a technique for capturing these active species is highly desirable, because it would allow for the elucidation of their structures and the development of a better understanding of their role in catalytic processes, which could be used to design improved catalysts. The treatment of metal carbonyls with organolithium reagents leads to the formation of the corresponding acylmetalates, which usually form Fischer carbene complexes following their treatment with a hard electrophile. 6 In contrast, the treatment of these acylmetalates with a soft electrophile results in the formation of metal−acyl complexes. 6 As part of our ongoing interest in the reactivity of bis(pyrazol-1-yl)methide anion, 7 we herein report the reaction of bis(pyrazol-1-yl)methyllithium with tungsten carbonyl, followed by the reaction of the resulting intermediate with iodine, which yielded unexpected (pyrazol-1-yl)carbonyl and ester-functionalized bis(pyrazol-1-yl)methide tungsten derivatives, together with bis(pyrazol-1-yl)acyl tungste...