Real-Color Volume Models Made from Real-Color Sectioned Images of Visible Korean

Abstract

BackgroundVolume models made from magnetic resonance images on computed tomographs can produce horizontal, coronal, sagittal, and oblique planes that are used widely in clinics, although detailed structures cannot be identified. Existing real color volume models are mostly commercial and their production methods have not been released. The aim of this study was to distribute free of charge, real-color volume models produced from sectioned images with the production method.MethodsThe original voxel size of sectioned images was increased appropriately so that the volume model could be handled by typical personal computers. By using Dicom Browser and MRIcroGL, the sectioned images were processed to become the volume models.ResultsOn the MRIcroGL, the resultant volume model with the voxel size of 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5 mm3 could be displayed and freely rotated. By adjusting variables of the software, desired oblique planes could be produced instantly. With overlay function, a model of segmented structure can be overlapped to the entire volume models. The sectioned images with high quality and the segmentation data of Visible Korean enabled the identification of detailed anatomical structures on the planes.ConclusionThe volume models can be used by medical students and doctors for learning sectional anatomy. Other researchers can utilize the method of this study to produce volume models from their own sectioned images.

Analyzing the advantages of subcutaneous over transcutaneous electrical stimulation for activating brainwaves

“…The recorded waveforms of brain activity represented using dashed lines, as shown in Fig. 4A, are subdivided into four frequency bands for analysis: delta (0.5-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13), and beta (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). In SES, significant changes were found in alpha and beta waves in comparison to TES ( Fig.…”

“…experiments and EM simulations with beagle models, we confirmed the superiority of the neuromodulatory effects of SES over the TES technique. To compare the electrical fields induced by TES and SES in the human brain, we extended our prediction framework to the human model that was developed recently for neuro studies [24][25][26] . The electrical conductivities of human tissue, reported in the literature [20][21][22][23] and used in the EM simulation platform, were applied to the human model.…”

“…field computation with the human model. We modeled stimulating electrode configurations of subcutaneous and transcutaneous stimulation in the human model, Yoon-sun that was designed with magnetic resonance and computed tomography images for neuro studies [24][25][26] . For fair comparisons of TES and SES performance, the same size electrodes (4 cm 2 ; gel (0.6 S/m); stainless steel (1.45 × 10 6 S/m)) were used.…”

Automatic segmentation of true color sectioned images using FMRIB Software Library: First trial in brain, gray matter, and white matter

“…The color images were converted to grayscale so they could be handled by the FSL. Gray sectioned images of whole area were saved in Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format on Photoshop (Chung & Park, 2019).…”

“…The color sectioned images of the brain were converted to DICOM format using Photoshop. The DICOM files were reconstructed by volume modeling on MRIcroGL to produce a color 3D model of the brain (Figure 1) (Chung & Park, 2019). Similarly, the color sectioned images of the gray and white matter were made into color 3D models (Figure 1).…”