Real or illusory growth in an oil-based economy: Government expenditures and private sector investment in Saudi Arabia

Looney, Robert E.

doi:10.1016/0305-750x(92)90084-9

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The situation is further exacerbated by the public sector's heavy borrowing from the banking system during economic downturns caused by low oil prices, resulting in a crowding out of private investment. Supporting evidence is provided by Looney () and Albatel (), who show that public expenditure actually has a negative effect on private sector investment in Saudi Arabia. Further, Sturm et al .…”

Section: Income Consumption and Savings In Oil‐exporting Developing mentioning

confidence: 74%

The long‐run relationship between savings and investment in oil‐exporting developing countries: a case study of theGulfArab states

Basher

Fachin

2013

OPEC Energy Review

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The relationship between national saving and investment over the long term is examined for six Gulf Arab oil-exporting developing countries -Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. We show that, provided some large outliers are properly accounted for, long-run equilibrium relationships between saving and investment (both total and fixed) exist in these countries. Since these countries have typically large current account surpluses such relationships cannot be explained by standard arguments.Our hypothesis is that the response of investment to saving largely depends on domestic absorptive capacity.JEL Codes: C32; E21; E22; H54; O16

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Section: Income Consumption and Savings In Oil‐exporting Developing mentioning

confidence: 74%

The long‐run relationship between savings and investment in oil‐exporting developing countries: a case study of theGulfArab states

Basher

Fachin

2013

OPEC Energy Review

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“…In general rentier states that are rich in natural resources have a low economic growth rate compared with resource-poor emerging markets (Sachs, 2001). Resource-rich countries have been known to experience the symptoms of the so-called 'Dutch disease' (Looney, 1992) which is characterized by the negative effects of a single flourishing export sector having negative effects on other export activities and on producers who compete with imports. In Saudi Arabia this has translated into reduced competitiveness by traditional agricultural exports and insignificant progress with industrial exports that could diversify the country's export portfolio.…”

Section: Economic Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marketing in the Emerging Markets of Islamic Countries

Marinov¹

2010

Journal of Islamic Marketing

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List of Figures viii List of Maps x List of Tables xi Notes on the Contributors xii 1 Marketing Challenges in Islamic Countries Marin Marinov Introduction Islamic business ethics and their impact on marketing Western business operations in Islamic countries Intra-Islamic cooperation Market segmentation Market characteristics of Islamic countries Promotion and distribution Business-to-business and consumer markets Conclusion 2 Marketing in Central Asia Marin Marinov Brief historical background The economic environment Foreign direct investment Regional challenges Market structure and consumer behavior Conclusion 3 Marketing in Kazakhstan Marin Marinov Brief historical background Ethnicity and culture Demographic and political profile The economy Membership of economic blocs Foreign trade Foreign direct investment Foreign companies in the consumer market Retailing v Promotion Procurement Distribution Franchising Company marketing Conclusion 4 Marketing in the Maghreb Region Marin Marinov Brief historical background The regional economy Internationalization Conclusion 5 Marketing in Morocco Lyn S. Amine and Kenneth R. Gray Introduction The macro-environment of business The political scene The economy and trade links Physical and electronic links to world markets The expansion of tourism Successful Moroccan businesses and brands Marketing practices and opportunities Conclusions and prospects for the future 6 Marketing in the Middle East Marin Marinov Brief historical background The economy The regional market Cultural characteristics Consumer behavior Marketing strategies for Middle Eastern markets Conclusion 7 Marketing in Kuwait C. P. Rao and Adel Al-Wugayan Introduction Geographical and historical background Structure of the economy Demographic profile The market for consumer goods Consumer behavior vi Contents Characteristics of marketing management Government regulations and international companies International marketing Conclusion 8 Marketing in Saudi Arabia Marin Marinov Brief historical background Population and customs Economic overview Foreign trade Foreign direct investment Management practices in Saudi companies The consumer market and consumer behavior Product issues Price issues Distribution Promotion Conclusion 9 Marketing in Iran Marin Marinov and Ali Sanayei Brief historical background Demographic profile The economy International trade National culture The Iranian market Iranian companies The consumer market The media market Promotion Conclusion 10 Marketing in the Islamic Countries of Southeast Asia Marin Marinov Brief historical background Population Economic development Regional integration Marketing in Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia Conclusion Index Contents vii List of Figures

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“…Finally, another body of literature (Robert Looney, 1992) stresses the unique structure of the oil economies. This factor is taken into account with a final variable oil which assigns a value of one to the oil economies and a zero to non-oil nations…”

Section: Quantified Dimensions Of Globalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Market Effects of Naval Presence in a Globalized World

Looney¹

2002

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Real or illusory growth in an oil-based economy: Government expenditures and private sector investment in Saudi Arabia

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

The long‐run relationship between savings and investment in oil‐exporting developing countries: a case study of theGulfArab states

The long‐run relationship between savings and investment in oil‐exporting developing countries: a case study of theGulfArab states

Marketing in the Emerging Markets of Islamic Countries

Market Effects of Naval Presence in a Globalized World

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