Real-Time Deployment Aspects of C-Band and Millimeter-Wave 5G-NR Systems

Shafi, Mansoor; Tataria, Harsh; Molisch, Andreas F.; Tufvesson, Fredrik; Tunnicliffe, Geoff

doi:10.1109/icc40277.2020.9148902

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…For 5G deployments within the C-band, i.e., around 3.4-3.8 GHz, digital beamforming remains a popular choice [92] due to its ability to provide a higher beamforming gain while utilizing the channel's spatial degrees of freedom [89]. In sharp contrast, most current commercial deployments at mmWave frequencies, i.e., around 24.5-29.5 GHz, use analog beamforming to explicitly steer the array gain in desired directions [92]. This is because digital beamforming at mmWave frequencies yields high circuit complexity, energy consumption, and cost of operation.…”

Section: B Multiple Antenna Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

6G Wireless Systems: Vision, Requirements, Challenges, Insights, and Opportunities

Shafi²,

et al. 2021

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Mobile communications have been undergoing a generational change every ten years or so. However, the time difference between the so-called "G's" is also decreasing.While fifth-generation (5G) systems are becoming a commercial reality, there is already significant interest in systems beyond 5G, which we refer to as the sixth generation (6G) of wireless systems. In contrast to the already published papers on the topic, we take a top-down approach to 6G. More precisely, we present a holistic discussion of 6G systems beginning with lifestyle and societal changes driving the need for next-generation networks. This is followed by a discussion into the technical requirements needed to enable 6G applications, based on which we dissect key challenges and possibilities for practically realizable system solutions across all layers of the Open Systems Interconnection stack (i.e., from applications to the physical layer). Since many of the 6G applications

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Section: B Multiple Antenna Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

6G Wireless Systems: Vision, Requirements, Challenges, Insights, and Opportunities

Shafi²,

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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“…Recently, fifth-generation (5G) systems, known as IMT-2020 or 3GPP Release 15 New Radio (NR) are in early stages of deployment. Live commercial networks are in place in various parts of North America and Asia, gradually extending towards Europe and Oceanic regions [29]. IMT-2020/3GPP NR systems are the first to operate across a wide range of multiple frequency bands.…”

Section: Unlike Others the Aim Of This Paper Is To Present A Historical Overview On The Evolution Of Standardized Propagation Models Overmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note that increasing the number of antenna elements for a constant physical area in an array will result in heavier antennas (due to more electronic components) that may pose tower and wind loading problems, as well as power consumption issues. This is especially true for 5G systems, where a large number of BS elements are interfaced with dedicated radio frequency up/down-conversion chains for implicit and explicit beamforming [29]. Naturally, the validity of ( 1) is restricted to the far-field of the antenna-i.e., the transmit and receive antennas have to be at least one (to ten or larger) Fraunhofer distance(s) away.…”

Section: Pathloss Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardization of Propagation Models for Terrestrial Cellular Systems: A Historical Perspective

Tataria

Haneda

Molisch

et al. 2020

Int J Wireless Inf Networks

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Propagation models constitute a fundamental building block of wireless communications research. Before we build and operate real systems, we must understand the science of radio propagation, and develop channel models that both reflect the important propagation processes and allow a fair comparison of different systems. In the past five decades, wireless systems have gone through five generations, from supporting voice applications to enhanced mobile broadband. To meet the ever increasing data rate demands of wireless systems, frequency bands covering a wide range from 800 MHz to 100 GHz have been allocated for use. The standardization of these systems started in the early/mid 1980s in Europe by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute with the advent of Global System for Mobile Communications. This motivated the development of the first standardized propagation model by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) 207 working group. These standardization activities were continued and expanded for the third, fourth, and fifth generations of COST, as well as by the Third Generation Partnership Project, and the International Telecommnunication Union. This paper presents a historical overview of the standardized propagation models covering first to fifth-generation systems. In particular, we discuss the evolution and standardization of pathloss models, as well as large and small-scale fading parameters for single antenna and multiple antenna systems. Furthermore, we present insights into the progress of deterministic modelling across the five generations of systems, as well as discuss more advanced modelling components needed for the detailed simulations of millimeter-wave channels. A comprehensive bibliography at the end of the paper will aid the interested reader to dig deeper.

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“…Note that increasing the number of antenna elements for a constant physical area in an array will result in heavier antennas (due to more electronic components) that may pose tower and wind loading problems, as well as power consumption issues. This is especially true for 5G systems, where a large number of BS elements are interfaced with dedicated radio frequency up/down-conversion chains for implicit and explicit beamforming [28]. Naturally, the validity of ( 1) is restricted to the far-field of the antennai.e., the transmit and receive antennas have to be at least one (to ten or larger) Fraunhofer distance(s) away.…”

Section: Pathloss Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, fifth-generation (5G) systems, known as IMT-2020 or 3GPP Release 15 New Radio (NR) are in early stages of deployment. Live commercial networks are in place in various parts of North America and Asia, gradually extending towards Europe and Oceanic regions [28]. IMT-2020/3GPP NR systems are the first to operate across a wide range of multiple frequency bands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardization of Propagation Models: 800 MHz to 100 GHz -- A Historical Perspective

Tataria,

Haneda,

Molisch

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Propagation models constitute a fundamental building block of wireless communications research. Before we build and operate real systems, we must understand the science of radio propagation, and develop channel models that both reflect the important propagation processes and allow a fair comparison of different systems. In the past five decades, wireless systems have gone through five generations, from supporting voice applications to enhanced mobile broadband. To meet the ever increasing data rate demands of wireless systems, frequency bands covering a wide range from 800 MHz to 100 GHz have been allocated for use. The standardization of these systems started in the early/mid 1980's in Europe by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute with the advent of Global System for Mobile Communications. This motivated the development of the first standardized propagation model by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) 207 working group. These standardization activities were continued and expanded for the third, fourth, and fifth generations of COST, as well as by the Third Generation Partnership Project, and the International Telecommunication Union. This paper presents a historical overview of the standardized propagation models covering first to fifth-generation systems. In particular, we discuss the evolution and standardization of pathloss models, as well as large and small-scale fading parameters for single antenna and multiple antenna systems. Furthermore, we present insights into the progress of deterministic modelling across the five generations of systems, as well as discuss more advanced modelling components needed for the detailed simulations of millimeter-wave channels.A comprehensive bibliography at the end of the paper will aid the interested reader to dig deeper.

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Real-Time Deployment Aspects of C-Band and Millimeter-Wave 5G-NR Systems

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

6G Wireless Systems: Vision, Requirements, Challenges, Insights, and Opportunities

6G Wireless Systems: Vision, Requirements, Challenges, Insights, and Opportunities

Standardization of Propagation Models for Terrestrial Cellular Systems: A Historical Perspective

Standardization of Propagation Models: 800 MHz to 100 GHz -- A Historical Perspective

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