Real‐time, non‐invasive microscopic confirmation of clinical diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid using <i>in vivo</i> reflectance confocal microscopy

Ardigò, Marco; Agozzino, Marina; Amorosi, B.; Moscarella, Elvira; Cota, Carlo; Abreu, Luciana de; Berardesca, Enzo

doi:10.1111/srt.12105

Cited by 14 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Vesicles and blisters in BP were generally filled with bright cellular structures corresponding to eosinophils on histopathology. These findings extend the observations of two earlier and more anecdotal reports on the application of RCM in BP .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Morphologic criteria of vesiculobullous skin disorders by in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy

Samhaber

Buhl

Brauns

et al. 2016

J Deutsche Derma Gesell

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Morphologic criteria of vesiculobullous skin disorders by in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy

Samhaber

Buhl

Brauns

et al. 2016

J Deutsche Derma Gesell

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“…The majority of the included studies were categorized as papulosquamous and eczematous diagnoses: psoriasis, pityriasis rubra pilaris, lichen planus and lichen nitidus, radiation dermatitis, allergic and contact dermatitis . Cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides, parapsoriasis en petite plaque, lymphomatoid papulosis, Sézary syndrome) and bullous diseases (pemphigus foliaceus, pemphigus vulgaris, bullous pemphigoid, Hailey–Hailey, Darier–White) have been examined as well by RCM. Other imaged diseases were alopecia and autoimmune connective tissue diseases like lupus, and systemic and lichen sclerosis .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The value ofin vivoreflectance confocal microscopy in the diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory and infectious skin diseases: a systematic review

et al. 2015

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In vivo examination of the skin by reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) has been performed for about 20 years, leading to a broad spectrum of imaged infectious and inflammatory skin diseases (ISD) with many described RCM features. We systematically reviewed all available literature concerning ISD evaluated by RCM. Furthermore, we assessed the accuracy of the features and defined recommendations for future studies after indicating the limitations in the current published literature. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases were searched for literature. All studies on RCM and ISD were reviewed and quality assessment was determined by using the STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist. The literature search revealed 77 eligible studies for inclusion. Different RCM features in a broad spectrum of ISD have been described. Further, RCM has been used for monitoring treatment and evolution of ISD, as well as for diagnostic purposes. This systematic review provides an overview of the broad spectrum of ISD imaged by RCM. Although RCM seems to be a promising monitoring and diagnostic tool for ISD, studies with appropriate methodological quality are necessary to create adequate guidelines and protocols for further implementation of RCM in clinical practice.

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“…Optical coherence tomography and in‐vivo confocal laser microscopy are non‐invasive methods that can determine the level of split formation, but they have not yet been routinely applied in the diagnosis of AIBDs .…”

Section: Histopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of autoimmune bullous diseases

Beek

Zillikens

Schmidt

2018

J Deutsche Derma Gesell

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Autoimmune bullous disorders (AIBDs) are a heterogeneous group of rare diseases clinically characterized by erosions and/or blisters on the skin and mucous membranes. AIBDs can be categorized into two groups: pemphigus diseases, characterized by intraepidermal blistering and autoantibodies against desmosomal proteins such as desmoglein (Dsg) 1, Dsg3, members of the plakin family, and subepidermal AIBDs, comprised of pemphigoid diseases and dermatitis herpetiformis. Autoantibodies in dermatitis herpetiformis target transglutaminases 2 and 3, while in pemphigoid disease, autoantibodies are directed against structural proteins of the dermal-epidermal junction. Although analysis of a perilesional biopsy with direct immunofluorescence (IF) microscopy is still the diagnostic gold standard, several assays have become widely available that allow serological diagnosis in the majority of patients. Standard serological diagnosis includes indirect IF on monkey esophagus and salt-split human skin. Assays to further characterize autoantibody specificity include ELISA systems based on recombinant forms of the immunodominant regions of the target antigens as well as multivariant indirect IF microscopy tests with several miniature substrates. These serological assays are complemented by various in-house assays using immunoblotting and ELISA, which are only available in specialized laboratories. Here we review new developments in the diagnosis of AIBDs and describe state-of-the-art diagnostic procedures for this group of diseases.

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Real‐time, non‐invasive microscopic confirmation of clinical diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid using in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy

Abstract: Confocal microscopy seems to be useful for in vivo, microscopical confirmation of the clinical suspect of bullous pemphigoid and for biopsy site selection in urticarial lesions to obtain a more significant specimen for histopathological examination.

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Morphologic criteria of vesiculobullous skin disorders by in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy

Morphologic criteria of vesiculobullous skin disorders by in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy

The value ofin vivoreflectance confocal microscopy in the diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory and infectious skin diseases: a systematic review

Diagnosis of autoimmune bullous diseases

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