Real-time observation of vortex lattices in a superconductor by electron microscopy

Harada, Ken; Matsuda, Tsuyoshi; Bonevich, John E.; Igarashi, M.; Kondo, Seiichi; Pozzi, Giulio; Kawabe, U.; Tonomura, Akira

doi:10.1038/360051a0

Cited by 262 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Q uantized vortices are topological excitations occurring in a variety of quantum systems, such as Bose-Einstein condensates 1,2 , superfluids 3 and superconductors 4,5 . Understanding such excitations is therefore fundamental to the study of quantum phases and quantum phase transitions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dissociation dynamics of singly charged vortices into half-quantum vortex pairs

et al. 2012

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The quest for identification and understanding of fractional vorticity is a major subject of research in the quantum fluids domain, ranging from superconductors, superfluid Helium-3 to cold atoms. In a two-dimensional Bose degenerate gas with a spin degree of freedom, the fundamental topological excitations are fractional vortical entities, called half-quantum vortices. Convincing evidence for the existence of half-quantum vortices was recently provided in spinor polariton condensates. The half-quantum vortices can be regarded as the fundamental structural components of singly charged vortices but, so far, no experimental evidence of this relation has been provided. Here we report on the direct and time-resolved observation of the dynamical process of the dissociation of a singly charged vortex into its primary components, a pair of half-quantum vortices. The physical origin of the observed phenomenology is found in a spatially inhomogeneous static potential that couples the two spin components of the condensate.

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confidence: 99%

Dissociation dynamics of singly charged vortices into half-quantum vortex pairs

et al. 2012

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“…Several techniques have been used, including surface decoration with magnetic particles, 5 electron microscopy, 6 scanning tunneling microscopy, 7 Hall probe microscopy, 8 electron holography, 9 and small-angle neutron diffraction. 4,10 With the exception of the latter, these methods only image vortices at their point of exit through the surface.…”

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confidence: 99%

Spin-polarized neutron reflectivity: A probe of vortices in thin-film superconductors

et al. 1999

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It is demonstrated that the specular reflectivity of spin-polarized neutrons can be used to study vortices in a thin-film superconductor. Experiments were performed on a 6000 Å thick c-axis film of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7Ϫx with the magnetic field applied parallel to the surface. A magnetic hysteresis loop was observed for the spinpolarized reflection and, from these data, the average density of vortices was extracted. A model is presented which relates the specular reflectivity to the one-dimensional spatial distribution of vortices in the direction perpendicular to the surface. Unlike other techniques, neutron reflectivity observes vortices in a geometry where they are parallel to the interface. ͓S0163-1829͑99͒07021-6͔

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“…In the present study, we employ Lorentz microscopy 13) that enables the real-time observation using video (30 frame/s) in a high spatial resolution (down to 10 nm). 14) Magnetization in the ferromagnetic wire is qualitatively analyzed by Lorentz microscopy.…”

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confidence: 99%

Current-Excited Magnetization Dynamics in Narrow Ferromagnetic Wires

Togawa

Kimura

Harada

et al. 2006

jjap

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We investigate the current-excited magnetization dynamics in a narrow ferromagnetic Permalloy wire by means of Lorentz microscopy, together with the results of simultaneous transport measurements. A detailed structural evolution of the magnetization is presented as a function of the applied current density. Local structural deformation, bidirectional displacement, and magnetization reversal are found below the Curie temperature with increasing the current density. We discuss probable mechanisms of observed features of the current-excited magnetization dynamics.

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Real-time observation of vortex lattices in a superconductor by electron microscopy

Cited by 262 publications

References 15 publications

Dissociation dynamics of singly charged vortices into half-quantum vortex pairs

Dissociation dynamics of singly charged vortices into half-quantum vortex pairs

Spin-polarized neutron reflectivity: A probe of vortices in thin-film superconductors

Current-Excited Magnetization Dynamics in Narrow Ferromagnetic Wires

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